Scope of Practice Free Essays

Extent of Practice as per the free word reference is the scope of obligation of patients or caseload and practice rules that decide the limits inside which a doctor, or other expert, rehearses. The essential is that these rules tell that specific expert how far they can go with regards to clinical consideration and treatment. As indicated by the law in all expresses, a Medical Assistant must have the regulating specialist, or an authorized expert, present, on the floor or in the structure before a MA can give any kind of direct consideration/methods to a patient (2011). We will compose a custom paper test on Extent of Practice or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Mama is permitted to do whatever they were recruited to do. Specialists and attendants regularly don’t realize how to utilize their MAs, they primary duties are part of their expected set of responsibilities when they were recruited. Every office that a MA may work in could have some various techniques to do. Your activity as a MA possibly to manage vaccinations for infusions, or to document every clinical graph when they are finished, whatever your activity is, it ought to be plainly explained for you. They should likewise plot what a MA can not do, for example, making any free clinical appraisal, triage patients, administer prescription or tests without direct requests, and offering out your very own clinical guidance (2011). The business who for the most part is the specialist accepts accountability of the MA and they need to decide each MA’s extent of training, by deciding their ability levels. Most states don’t have laws that explicitly address the obligations and obligations of a Medical Assistant. This doesn’t state that no principles concern them yet since they are an augmentation of the do0)ctor then they are more than liable to observe the laws of the State Medical Board. The most effective method to refer to Scope of Practice, Papers

The Overcoat - Nikolai Gogol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Overcoat - Nikolai Gogol - Essay Example The depiction of the hero underpins the possibility that ecological abuse impacts the person, which may bring about the development of freak standards of conduct. From the get-go in the work, the protagonist’s appearance is depicts as common and rather colorless, expressing â€Å"There is nothing we can do about [the hero appearance], it is all the issue of the St. Petersburg climate† (Gogol 234). While this announcement at surface worth appears to allude to the climate, it intently matches the bureaucratic atmosphere that, much like the climate, is a huge and bleak power that the hero feels frail to change. Indeed, even the name of the character, Akaky Akakyevich, intently takes after the Russian expression ‘okakat’ importance to spread with stool, or the term ‘caca’, which is of Greek inception yet alludes to feces in numerous advanced dialects (Paul 1). An equal is drawn between the persecution of the bureaucratic framework, wherein an assig ned position mistreats cultural classes, and the abuse of the person by his own assignment, for this situation the character’s given name. This is bolstered by in the content by explanations, for example, â€Å"with us, rank is something that must be expressed before anything else†, featuring the harsh characteristics of individual assignments, for example, rank (Gogol 234). Persecution on numerous levels shapes the attributes of the hero, recommending that natural impacts are answerable for future freak conduct. The hero from the outset arranges a reality loaded up with persecution with acknowledgment; in any case, when his desires are made higher by the possibility of another jacket, emblematic of an ascent in the cultural chain of importance, the character creates freak character characteristics, eventually prompting his demise and the fierceness of his furious soul. The creator depicts the Very Important Person as a character that

Floral Spring

Floral Spring Although it seems to get hotter and hotter outside, we are still grateful for the two or three weeks of spring on our campus. It is one of the favorite moments when we could see various kinds of flowers with gorgeous appearances by the roadside. There is a pear tree in front my apartment, and it stayed quiet for most of the year. However, when it has pear blossoms, the whole attention of this area is attracted by it. The flowers are like clusters of white clouds floating in front of my eyes with sweet smells. When the wind passes through, petals will dance with the wind in the air and fall asleep on the ground, and sometimes I get some on my shoulder. Photo Taken by Yujia Deng During this two weeks, the Japan House is a “must go” place on the campus. The cherry trees usually bloom during the beginning few weeks of April, and the weather is just right. It is pleasant to invite few friends to enjoy the beauty cherry blooms on weekends and take pretty pictures of the precious memory. Connie Class of 2018 I am double majoring in Computer Engineering in the College of Engineering and Statistics in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. My hometown is a historical and peaceful city called Suzhou, located in southeastern China.

Media Effects On Body Image Essay - 1648 Words

Specific age groups and mostly women have been studied regarding media effects on body image. These studies did not test the external stimuli created by peer groups that have an impact on a person’s self-idealization. This study addressed individual age groups divided by gender in order to determine how much media effects body idealization and if gender peer group opinions impact self-idealization when viewing media models. Methods The methods used in this study incorporated individuals into groups by age and by gender. This was to help determine at what age individuals may be more impacted by media on body image and by peer group discussion concerning body image. The participants in this study were individuals who were students or factuality from a public school system located in a middle class mid-western rural community. There were 225 female participants and 225 male participants. The participants were divided in their appropriate age groups of 6-9 years, 10-13 years, 14-17years, 18-25 years, 26-30 years, 31-39 years, 40-49 years, and 50-59 years. Each age group consisted of 25 males and 25 females. Participants were recruited on a volunteer basis. Parents provided consent for their minor children to participate. Materials uses in this study were magazine and TV media advertisements for clothing sales. Each model displayed thin images for females and muscular images for males. The same media images were exposed to each individual male and female age group in theShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1484 Words   |  6 Pages Media has developed to become omnipresent in the day to day lives of the westernized societies. The media is considered a gigantic umbrella that houses a plethora of different outlets underneath it such as television, music videos, magazines, commercials, video games and social media. In this paper, the effects of media and various media types are examined to understand their potential outcomes. Focusing on how and if media affects body image in girls and women, the themes of dieting awarenessRead MoreEffects of Media on Body Image855 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Media on Body Image Discussion This study was conducted to analyze the impact of media, mainly fashion magazines, on how women perceived the idealized body weight and shape as well as the impact of media on the decision to diet or initiate an exercise program. Twenty working class women were given questionnaires at different times. The exposure to fashion magazines was assessed by determining whether the participant was a high level frequency viewer of fashion magazines, viewing themRead MoreMedia Effects Body Image1656 Words   |  7 PagesKoenig April 6, 2014 The Effects of Mass Media on African American Women Body Images Over the past 10 years, mass media and the access to social networks has evolved substantially causing the effects of negative self-image and what is considered beautiful. Body image expectations for both African-American male and female share the battles of society’s expectations, yet African American women body images come with a stricter and more unhealthy stigma; growth of social media such as Facebook, InstagramRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1424 Words   |  6 PagesMedia holds such high standards in today s society, and media as a whole has gotten so much power throughout the years. There are so many different forms of media in today s world: newspapers, magazines, televisions, the hundreds of websites on the Internet, social media applications, computers, and novels. Media advertises thousands of different things, but something that has stayed consistent over the years is advertisement on body image. Media advertises a specific body type, pushes different Read MoreThe Effects Of Media On Body Image1453 Words   |  6 Pagestoday that media and body image are closely related. Particularly, how the body image advertising portrays effects our own body image. It has been documented in adolescents as they are more at risk for developing unhealthy attitudes toward their bodies. They are at a time where they re focused on developing their individual identities, making them susceptible to social pressure and media images. A major reason many people have a negative body image is because of the impact that media has had onRead MoreEffects Of Media On Body Image1544 Words   |  7 Pages Bayer, A.M, Body image is the internal representation of one’s outer appearance which reflects physical and perpetual dimensions. For the purpose of this paper, body image can be defined as a person s perception, thoughts and feeling about her body, this can be altered by significantly altered by social experiences. This paper explores my personal exp erience and findings of empirical studies that examine the effects of media on body image in young women. Internalization of body ideals that areRead MoreThe Effects of Media on Body Image and Body Dissatisfaction.3566 Words   |  15 Pagesadverts in relation to body image in the media than realistic. Also, whether or not there were a higher number of unrealistic adverts in female media in relation to body image than in male media. This was carried out by looking at a number of adverts in different male and female health magazines and scoring the amount of unrealistic or realistic adverts found. The results found that there was no significant difference between the amounts of unrealistic/ realistic adverts on body image in the female magazinesRead MoreEssay on Media Effects on Body Image617 Words   |  3 PagesWith the tremendous effect the media has on men womens body image/self-esteem, there are things the media and those being effected can do to limit the impact. The media can change the portrayal of models in magazines, television, billboards, etc. By portraying unrealistic models, studies can conclude that it causes a negative effect on men and women leading to eating disorders, self-esteem problems, and possibly even sometimes more dramatic actions such as suicide (Groesz, Levine, and MurnenRead MoreMedia s Effect On The Body Image902 Words   |  4 Pagesalready confined with how the media set unrealistic standards for the female population. This leads girls to harm their own body, including eating disorders such as bulimia, and anorexia. The most prominent cause of these acts is advertisements. Advertisements are everywhere and they have the power to promote, sell, encourage, and give unrealistic ideals of the common people. Advertisements and media images have a negative effect on the way women view their body image which leads to self-harm. EveryRead MoreThe Effect Of Media On Womens Body Image1247 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch on how the role of media affects how women perceive body image. I was interested in knowing the ways in which the media influenced the ways in which they perceive themselves and their beauty. In order to perform my research, I conducted surveys of female students ranging from ages 18-28, carried out experimental research on them to test whether they feel worse about their bodies after being exposed to thin media models than after being exposed to other types of images as well as conducting secondary

Genetic Evolution Biological Evolution Essay - 1152 Words

Macallan Miller Mr. Stratz 2016 Biological Evolution Biological Evolution Biological evolution, what is it? To start off, the subject can be a challenging topic, but the basic principles are rather quite simple. This paper will go over both simple and more complex ideas such as Darwin s theory of evolution, natural selection, specific topics about development of embryos and genetic variation between plants and animals. Finally this paper will touch on gene therapy and, genetic engineering. Darwinism, or Darwin’s theory of evolution mentions that a species evolves through natural selection. So, how does it work? Prehistoric sharks are a perfect example of advancing natural selection. In fact, prehistoric sharks never used to have the rough skin- they have now. They once had smooth skin going both ways on their body, but this trait increased drag and as a consequence made them slower. There is also evidence showing that their jaws were also in a somewhat fixed position similar to a human s jaw along with the surrounding muscle. As a result, one of the problems these sharks faced was they could only eat anything they could get their jaws around, such as a smaller animal with a thin or flat body. Later through natural selection and other processes, their jaws evolved to extend out as they opened their mouths, allowing them to consume larger prey. One thing that sharks and all animals keep are their instinctual ways of survival. For example, how a loon dives under w aterShow MoreRelatedAnthropology and Its Branches1728 Words   |  7 Pagesscience in the late 18th century, it developed two divisions: physical anthropology, which focuses on human Evolution and variation, using methods of Physiology, Anthropometry, Genetics, and Ecology; and cultural anthropology , which includes Archaeology, Ethnology, Social Anthropology, and Linguistics. Anthropology is a holistic subject that covers all facets of human life including biological, cultural as well as economic. There are various branches of anthropology like cultural, linguistic, forensicRead MoreEvolution Drives The Diversity And Unity Of Life1674 Words   |  7 Pages Big Idea 1- The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life Natural selection is evolutions driving mechanism. Evolution is â€Å"the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from early forms during the history of the earth.† Darwin s theory states that inheritable variations exist within individuals in a population. This big idea has impacted human life and evolution in many ways. With natural selection as its major mechanismRead MoreDarwin s Theory Of Biological Evolution1347 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Evolution refers to the processes that have transformed life on Earth from its earliest forms to the vast diversity that characterizes it today† (Campbell, 1993). However, a lot of things can change over a period of time. The â€Å"Father of Evolution† who is known as Charles Darwin, developed the theory of biological evolution. This theory has long been debated during and after darwin s time. Biological evolution can be seen through a momentous change in organ isms by changing of the genetic compositionRead MoreGenetics and Human Sexuality1320 Words   |  6 Pagestherefore partake in sexual behavior. Charles Darwin’s stance on evolution relies on reproduction, without reproduction there would be no way of explaining natural selection or survival of the fittest. The idea that sex functions to provide variation for natural selection to act upon was first advocated by August Weismann and it has dominated much discussion on the evolution of sex and recombination since then. With Darwin’s theory of evolution, the goal of this paper is to further extend the idea thatRead MoreBill Nye Vs Ken Ham1661 Words   |  7 Pagestheory of evolution on children, we need to take the child back to the correct view of the world in this debate, and it is a good opportunity to let people know more about God, and the spread of the Gospel. Ken Ham s position is creationism. He believes that people are not evolved, because God created human, and then human evolution. That is, if there is no God, humans would not have evolved. From the content point of view, creationism is opposed to idealistic theory of biological evolution; AccordingRead MoreEssay about Natural Selection, Scale, and Cultural Evolution959 Words   |  4 PagesEvolution can be seen throughout all aspects of life, but for each aspect evolution does not occur in the same process. In his article entitled â€Å"Natural Selection, Scale, and Cultural Evolution,† Dunnell emphasizes and explains why evolution has made such a small impact on archaeology. Cultural evolution and biological evolution are not the same. Biological evolution uses theoretical propositions that explain the mechanisms of biological adaptation and evolution. The laws of cultural evolution â€Å"areRead MoreThe Human Nature Of Human Beings1119 Words   |  5 Pagesof this state ment before the mid-19th century until Charles Darwin’s research led him to postulate a naturalistic explanation for the diversity of species, including human beings that inhabit the Earth. Divergent reactions to Darwin’s theory of evolution helped to splinter many Protestant denominations, with modernists accommodating the creation story to modern scientific findings and fundamentalists insisting upon the original meaning. The study of the historical reconstruction of the appearanceRead MoreOrigin Of Life On Earth And How Biological Populations Have Changed And Developed Over Successive Generations1635 Words   |  7 Pages The theory of evolution discusses, with considerable proof, the history of life on earth and how biological populations have changed and developed over successive generations. Despite the abundance of evidence for evolution, both scientific and physical, some still doubt the validity of this theory. However, once compared with the alternative theory of creation, it is apparent that evolution is the most probable explanation for the origin of life on earth, to date. This essay will explain a handfulRead MoreNatural Selection Paper1502 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the process of natural selection, it is possible for the original genetic make-up of a species to become altered. The team will report on the different processes of basic mechanisms of evolution, how natural selection results in biodiversity and why biodiversity is important to continued evolution. The sources of genetic variation such as mutations and sexual recombination will also be reviewed. Mechanisms of Evolution It is said that biology â€Å"came of age† when Charles Darwin published â€Å"OnRead MoreDna Essay1090 Words   |  5 PagesDNA in Forensic Science DNA is the genetic blueprint for life because it contains the instructions that oversee the development of an organism. Taking samples of DNA and analyzing them to determine if they come from the same individual is known as DNA profiling. Investigators gather items such as hair, saliva, semen and blood that could contain DNA from a crime scene. DNA profiling is also used in paternity testing, victim identification and evolution research. First, the collected DNA samples

Review of Literature Related to Composite Materials Free Essays

img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1182556.div class="phdessay__article-cta" We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Literature Related to Composite Materials or any similar topic only for you Order Now 008.png"/ Research inquiry Research Questions Q. How can composite stuffs change the usage of normally used stuffs in today’s building industry? Q. How can plan inventions change the belongingss of stuffs or group / combination of stuffs? Q. Can composite stuffs replace the steel concrete building everyplace or is this attack limited to merely few subdivisions of building like low to mid rise edifices? Purpose To analyze different stuffs being used in Indian building industry. To analyse these stuffs for their utility in the Indian clime. To place different stuffs which are available in market and can be used in Indian buildings. Compare the advantages of composite stuffs over normally used stuffs. To place the usage and handiness of composite stuffs in India. To look into the handiness and usage of composite stuffs outside India and to look into its relevancy in the Indian context. To get down with, the really first thing which needs by us to understand is what stuffs are soon being used in India, how are they used and how are they obtained. Are these stuffs locally available, or imported or unnaturally manufactured in here merely. If so, how are the stuffs used for its fabrication obtained. To get down with this lets us hold a speedy expression at the stuffs being used soon in India. Burnt clay bricks and tiles ( GUPTA, 1998 ) Brick is one of the most normally used stuff in the Indian building industry. It is used in every topographic point in India. It had been use by us from around ancient period. But the usage it have decreased today as compared to that clip. The bricks are manufactured in India utilizing the clay nowadays on the top dirt and fire kilns. It is been invariably manufactured by many little graduated table industries in their ain ways. These ways were largely inefficient and resulted in hapless quality of bricks and higher cost of building. The revolution in it came with the debut of different stuffs along with the clay used for the brick building. The most celebrated of it is the fly ash bricks or aac bricks. To call few of its advantages: Saves energy in the kilns as the fly ash already contains hints of unburnt coal which helps it in drying or baking the brick more expeditiously. Besides since the brick is burnt besides from the interior, it takes less clip to bake. It is lighter in weight as compared to the older bricks hence it can be casted in bigger blocks now and can now be used for faster buildings. Its strength is more than the traditional ruddy brick and it more unvarying in form due to the mechanism used for its production. It can be used in about every sort of building due to its light weight and high strength. Rock ( GUPTA, 1998 ) Rock was one of the most normally used stuff in the station Mauryan epoch and had been used till now. But its usage and ways of execution had changed. It is present in India in big sum and in assortment of forms and colourss and textures etc. Rocks are used conspicuously in the foundations, facings, paving, floorings, and fencing. The types of rock nowadays in India are Black granite, other granites, limestone, marble, sandstone, and slate and Delhi quartzite to call few. Besides stones like Kota rock and Jodhpur rock are used extensively in the insides and flooring. The rock is obtained by the procedure of quarrying. Quarrying is still done by the traditional mode merely but by utilizing the modern age tools. The rock is largely obtained from an unfastened cavity, and could besides be obtained by utilizing explosives. There are three ways of obtaining rock, i.e. stopper and plume method, explosives, and channeling. In stopper and feather method of quarrying, drills are holed in the rock. The plumes are formed to make full the holes on one side and level on the other. Now these stoppers or plumes are easy driven to lodge away the rock. Explosives are used to blare off a portion of rock to take the ball of bigger stone from the other. But this method gives us really irregular signifier of rock. These rocks ate used in the concrete as the sum. Channeling is done by boring holes 6 thousand deep I the rock and so a engine is used to drive the chisel to achieve coveted deepness. The used of rock and its lastingness are well-established facts and are known for them. Building calcium hydroxide Lime has been used since 4000 BC. Lime is used in the building of edifices and roads, in lime howitzer, lime concrete, plasters, stabilized bricks, autoclaved Ca silicate bricks, fly ash sand calcium hydroxide bricks, and cellular concrete. It is produced utilizing the procedure of calcination of limestone of natural calcium hydroxide. Gypsum Gypsum is an of import edifice stuff. It is used to fabricate Plaster of Paris, gypsum plaster, hempen gypsum board, gypsum blocks, acoustic tiles, etc. The usage of gypsum in India is limited to commercial and institutional edifices merely. It is non used so much in India soon than it can be used. Glass ( GUPTA, 1998 ) Glass fabrication in India is immense with both organized and unorganised sectors. The glass industry in India is extremely developed and reasonably cost effectual. The usage of glass in India is besides really high and is used largely in every edifice and with the addition in the commercial edifices like promenades and office edifices, the demand of glass increased manifolds. Glass is manufactured utilizing the silicon oxide. There are many types of glass like fused silicon oxide glass, alkali silicate glass, sodium carbonate calcium hydroxide glass, lead glass, boro silicate glass, particular glass, glass fibres, optical glass, mirrors etc. Glass is besides used in edifice industry in many ways. Transparent and semitransparent glass sheets, clear or tinted, are used as Windowss and fanlights. It is besides used as an infill in the doors and the Windowss. India manufactured every type of glass viz. float, clear float, coated and low emanation, rolled wired and iridescent, laminated, heat treated, tempered, heat strengthened, and spandril. Glass are used in many ways like glass tiles. These are made for the intent of glazing, wall coating, dividers, ceilings etc. They are besides used in the drape walls and swimming pools. They are used intensively in the landscape gardening besides. Mirrors are besides one of the major usage of glass in the edifice industry. They are the standard adjustment of the bathrooms, sleeping rooms, and now they are even used as an component of ornament. Glass fibres are thin and long fibres of glass which are used to fabricate different other types of stuffs. They are used to fabricate assorted complexs in which gypsum plaster, polyester or epoxy rosin or cement is used as a binder. Glass fibres reinforced complexs are besides available in the market and are used to fabricate pipes, armored combat vehicles, panels etc. There are new merchandises besides available in the market by the name of glass ceramics. They are used as panelling, ceilings, thermic insularity and fire immune stuffs. Blast furnace scorias are besides used to fabricate the glass ceramics. Ceramicss Ceramicss are used to fabricate healthful wares, glazed tiles, stoneware, tableware, furnace linings, bricks for roofing and enamel wares etc. Steel ( GUPTA, 1998 ) Steel is a really widely used stuff in today’s universe. And it is used widely in edifice buildings besides. The structural steel is used for edifice buildings and have an progressively of import function in traditional, medium denseness lodging. The usage of hot rolled structural steel merchandises peculiarly, has shown advantages through its built-in strength. The advantages of utilizing steel is the handiness of long column free spans and saves constructing stuffs due to low deepness of steel beams. Nowadays, new lightweight steel beams are besides available and are the grounds for the new assorted inventions. Uses of steel in edifices: Steel framed skeletal constructions for high rise edifices. Large span level roofs utilizing steel beams. Steel concrete complex framed constructions for higher stableness. Steel trusses. Steel hemorrhoids. RCC. Prestressed steel wires. Steel wires for cement concrete. Doors, Windowss, armored combat vehicles, etc. Staircase, lifts, pipes, poles and stations, Gatess, fences, mesh etc. Steel is a really dependable building stuff and is besides used extensively. Cement and concrete ( GUPTA, 1998 ) Cement is one of the most widely used edifice stuff and decidedly one of the most of import 1 besides. There are many assortment of cement nowadays in today’s universe, but the most normally used cement is the Portland cement. Cement industry is a nucleus sector industry and forms the anchor of the substructure development of the state. ( Anon. , n.d. ) Concrete is the most extensively used stuff in the whole universe. Today. Every edifice used concrete for building. It surpasses steel ingestion of the universe. It is made by utilizing the cement along with other things like sand, sum, etc. There are many recent promotions in the concrete industries which have made really attractive options to utilize concrete as the primary building stuff. But we will discourse it subsequently in item. Complexs or composite stuffs ( Anon. , n.d. ) Composite stuffs are the stuffs which are made by uniting two different type of stuffs to organize a new compound of the two or more stuffs to accomplish the coveted belongingss. ( RILEM, n.d. ) Complexs are used efficaciously in each sector of building industries. ( Papanicolaou, n.d. ) There are many types of composite stuffs present in the universe like manmade and natural fibres based complexs, wood complexs and complexs form the local stuffs. The complexs from local stuffs can besides be classified as the combination stuffs in which no chemical combination occurs, but assorted stuffs are combined together in specific sets to accomplish desired consequences. The other types of complexs available are bamboo and wood complexs, polymer, plastics and surface coatings, metal matrix complexs etc. to call a few. Now the overview of the stuffs used in India or present in India is done. We now need to seek for the stuffs which are non present in India but can work really good for the Indian context. Bibliography Anon. , n.d. www.archdaily.com.[ Online ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archdaily.com/category/building-technology-and-materials/ [ Accessed 15 July 2014 ] . Anon. , n.d. www.architonic.com.[ Online ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.architonic.com/ntsht/concrete-in-architecture-2-not-really-grey/7000529 [ Accessed 15 July 2014 ] . GUPTA, T. , 1998. Constructing stuffs in India 50 old ages by GUPTA, TN. In: T. Gupta, erectile dysfunction.Constructing stuffs in India 50 old ages.Delhi: Building Material and Technology Promotion Council, p. 536. Papanicolaou, S. P. a. G. ed. , n.d. Engineering Applications of New Composites by S.A. Paipetis and G.C. Papanicolaou. In: s.l. : s.n. RILEM, n.d.Uniting Materials: Design, Production and Properties by RILEM.s.l. : RILEM. How to cite Review of Literature Related to Composite Materials, Essay examples

Pluralist Elitist and Marxist Perspectives †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Pluralist Elitist and Marxist Perspectives. Answer: Introduction: In this discussion, we will confer about hierarchy and power and how they are fundamental in Australias existing health care system. To have clarity about the same, we discuss about the concept of sociology and describe its perspectives. We further discuss biomedical model of health which is one of the most accepted model of the 20th century. Moving forward, we discuss in details both our primary topics i.e. hierarchy and power and theories which explains both. Lastly, we have given description about modern Australias health care system and how all the above discussed concepts apply and affect distinct people in distinct communities which are divided so because of hierarchy and power. Hence, by discussing all these topics in details our aim of comprehensible understanding of the inheritance of hierarchy and power in recent health care system existing in Australia will be clear. Sociology is the organized learning of the expansion, communication, composition and combined conduct of structured groups of individuals. It is one of the divisions of social sciences that scrutinizes and describes significant events related to individuals lives, their groups and the humanity as a whole (Department of Sociology, 2017). It provides a distinguishing and informative means of perception of the social world that affects an individuals behavior and his life. The sociology of health and illness describes the relationship between health and the society at large. This particular study helps medical practitioners across the world to ascertain the causes and to prescribe the correct treatment of diseases as it enables them to relate the diseases with sociological factors. Certain diseases are more widespread in a particular area whereas only few people get affected from the same in other areas. Socio-economic factors such as religion, culture, cast, creed, ethnic background, e ducation etc greatly affects individuals as far as their health and sickness are concerned. Further, we discuss different approaches to the said concept also known as sociological perspectives of health and health care. Created by Talcott Parsons, the functionalist approach stresses on being healthy and highlights the importance of valuable health care. They both are indispensable for a community to function resourcefully. Sick role which a person performs, when he becomes ill excuse him from performing his duties and impairs normal operation of society. The role of hierarchy is also well established in the said approach between the sick person and medical practitioner. The latter is responsible for confirming sick role of an individual who is then exempted from performing his duties and is also responsible for the treatment of the former. Societal disparities and capitalism are the focal point of conflict perspective. It takes into consideration disparities that groups or communities face on various grounds such as cast, culture and sexual category. Standard of living depe nds on an individuals education. An educated person is bound to be healthier with awareness of the accessibility of medical care services as compared to less educated individuals (Lee, 2017). Profits are the main reason of running private health care services and rich people are given preference over poor. This particular approach directed medical practitioners to consider about providing more equality amongst distinct groups as far as health is concerned. However, the symbolic interactionist perspective highlights illness as societal interpretation than just a medicinal state. As per this model, individuals forms prejudiced philosophy for distinctive ailments. It helps medical practitioner in eliminating the disgrace which ill people faces and helps them in getting not only therapeutic healing but also collective and psychological assistance. Biomedical model is the leading model in most of the western countries which relates health with only biological factors. It takes into consideration only the bodily or biological causes of an illness. The role of patient in the said model is considered to be submissive with detection of infection or ailment through health care professionals knowledge of symptoms and other various investigative tools (Jkonoroth, 2013). Further, appropriate procedures are taken in ameliorating the health through proper course of treatment by the health care professionals. This model has progressed through several years with advancement in medicinal knowledge and healing (Smith, 2017). Health analysis and treatment are done irrespective of other factors including standard of living and concentrates only on physical aspects. Accounting for over 90% of government health care funding, it is by far the most prevailing model. Health professionals play major role with anticipation of treating the ailment. Bl ood test, ultrasound, x-rays are some of the examples of the said model. Progression in technology, successful treatment of routine issues, expansion of life expectancy and overall enhancement in standard of living are some of the advantages of said model. However, promotion of tapered sight of health by ignorance of other causes of sickness and being expensive are some of the major grounds of criticism of the biomedical model. Firstly, we will discuss the concept of hierarchy and theories related to same. Hierarchy is referred as the cluster of individuals placed in sequence on the basis of position, division, status or capability. It is the collection of individuals forming a mounting succession of influence or authority. In todays society, people are still divided in communities or groups on the basis of several factors such as cast, creed, ethnic groups, culture, education background etc. which determines the overall health and medical facilities available to them. Problems related to social disparities and hierarchy has been widely discussed by famous philosophers like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean- Jacques Rousseau. The descendants of Saint-Simon initiated the theory of urban working class which was the base for the outcome of Karl Maxs theory of class. It highlighted the significance of class inconsistency on the criterion of direction of the way of production. Marxist social hierarchy comprised of upper, middle and lower class wherein upper class was the uppermost class with rich individuals who owned huge areas of land. Middle class comprised of professionals who worked for the upper class with the help of their skills and lower class comprised the most pitiable individuals with little earnings (Heirarchystructure, 2017). Further, there were other theorists who have given their key perspectives on hierarchy including Jim Sidanius and Felicia Pratto who initiated social dominance theory. They explained people are divided into groups on the basis of numerous factors such as economic standing, age, sex etc and how hierarchies formed influences the distribution of resources amongst them. The governing hierarchy will dominate subordinate groups by handing over certain unwanted work to them keeping in interest their own self motives. It intended at elucidation of domination, inequity, cruelty, and autocracy as a result of division of communities on the basis of number of socio economic factors (Roccato, 2014). Secondly, we will discuss power and theorists perspectives related to same. Power is regarded as a main sociological perception with diverse connotation and explanation by various theorists. It is the capability of an individual or group of individual to manage actions and possessions and despite of impediment to make things happen as per Max Weber (Cook, 2013). However, as per Karl Max, power is directly associated with societal classes divided on the basis of ways of production and not related with people (Crossman, 2016). Further, for the attainment of goals, power runs from a societal systems prospective to harmonize individual movement and wealth as per Talcott Parsons.Hence, three major theories of power explicitly Pluralist, elitist and Marxist clears what power is. Pluralist model describes how power is disseminated and disjointed. Bigger group has more dominance. Instead of election, formation of groups provides improved way of depiction. There are two groups specifically in sider groups which are more authoritative than outside groups as per said theory (Barry, 2017). However, as per the elitist theory, power is resided with governing elite who are voted or selected for the said roles and is widely displayed by several democratic countries. At the end, as per Marxist theory, power is related with wealth. Rich people with possession of capital dominate the working class. We have discussed different perspectives of different theorists and these perceptions of hierarchy and power applies to health and medical practitioners across the world including Australia. Australias health care system is considered as one of the greatest amongst all countries. Medicare program followed by the government and private hospitals provides worldwide health care facilities to general public. The country not only caters its own citizens but also spent around $26 million on tourists health care. Despite of all this, great inequality exists amongst several groups on the basis of cast, religion, ethnic culture, education background specially amongst Indigenous people and rest of Australians as far as health and medical services are concerned clearing that hierarchy and power plays an important role in Australias contemporary health care system. Political parties and other wealthy people with power and who stands in the uppermost class of authority have lower risk of being affected by several diseases and have superior accessibility to health care services than those residing in rural and belonging to lower class of society. Life expectancy amongst non-indigenous Australians is much higher as compared to indigenous community. Role of hierarchy and power is well established from the fact that the amount spent on indigenous community was AUS$3,630 as against AUS$1860 for non-indigenous Australians in the year 2010 in hospitals which proves shortage of proper precautionary facilities available to indigenous population (Eckvahl, 2014). As per the Australian Health Care Agreement, there should not be any disparity in accessing health care services. However, there is dominance by health professionals in Victoria and huge inequality still exists between individuals residing in rural and metropolitan areas (Kenny, 2014). There is health disparity across Australia amongst old age people and youth, males preference over females and several other groups. In the rural areas, there are inadequate housing facilities, poor sanitation, poor water supply, increased unemployment and lack of proper education, all these factors accounts for increased diseases. Also, unawareness and inaccessibility of proper health care services with dominance by health care professionals aggravates the inequalities amongst all these groups. Power is exercised by the political parties who have different views for different health policies. Lower income people especially indigenous community suffers greatly and has poorer health as compared to others. They are more prone to diseases such as mental illness, depression, increased suicidal rates, cardiovascular diseases etc. There is discrimination against homeless people, people belonging to lower economic groups, refugees, prisoners, older people, people with mental illness, people residing in isolated areas as restricted medical services are available to them and those which are offered are not used properly. There is discrimination not only from the political parties but medical practitioner also exercises his power and utilizes his role in hierarchy by discriminating against several groups, there is insufficiency of knowledge and self-belief. Shortage of labor force and neighboring services, deprived incorporated services, lack of communication are also obstacles faced at the professional level (Bywood et.al. 2011). This above inequality related to hierarchy and power can be explained by taking an example of tobacco usage and tobacco smoking policy incorporated in Australia. Smoking tobacco is recognized as the major cause behind several diseases in Australia. Although several steps have been taken by the government to curb the usage of tobacco by incorporation of several policies of smoking in public area, flights, restaurants and numerous campaigns have been started to increase awareness amongst people with overall decrease in smoking rates from 34% in the year 1980 to 15% in the year 2010 (Maddox et.al. 2013). Still, indigenous community accounts for around 46% .This proves the ineffectiveness of the said policy and how underprivileged people are deprived from the awareness of the said campaign and establish the aim of our discussion that hierarchy and power are central in todays Australia health care system. Smoking has been considered as the major cause of ill health amongst indigenous comm unity and is also primary cause of premature deaths and lower life expectancy. As per the statistics, smoking rates also differs on the grounds of ethnic groups, age, sex and genetic factors. Although consistent measures are being taken by higher authorities, there is a need of building gap amongst the higher and lower class, indigenous and non indigenous, poor and rich, aged and young, males and females for the successful eradication of smoking problem in Australia. It is evident from the above points, hierarchy and power plays an important role in all economies and amongst patients as well as health practitioners. There are different perceptions of holding power amongst health practitioners. Owing to the knowledge and training in medical field, we as health practitioner are in the position of power and rank higher in the hierarchy. We have an ethical accountability towards assessing and prescribing correct treatment to our patients. As patients have faith on us, we should not take undue advantage of our ability. However, with changes in the medical field and with more awareness amongst the patients, this relationship between patient and health professional is undergoing a constant change as individuals are becoming more sentient of their rights as patients and what all health care facilities are available to them. Hence, through various concepts and theories explained above, we conclude that they impact greatly on all health practitioners. But we as a health professional should abstain from being in the dominant position and be more concerned and be more empathetic and provide correct and timely treatment to the patients and remove the discrimination amongst several groups as far as health and health care services are concerned. At the end, we summarize that hierarchy and power as explained in details above are very much in existence and plays the most important role in the trending Australian health care system. 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