Hollywood and the Vietnam War Essay -- Vietnam War Movies

Human history has been kept alive through a variety of mediums everywhere the centuries. Throughout much of time, stories were told verbally to younger generations while written records and artifacts enhanced the storys authenticity. In the late 19th and early 20th century, applied science revolutionized story-telling with the invention of the video camera. Rather than hearing anecdotal stories about historic events, people could now see images of events happening all over the world. In addition, interrogative pictures were created to present fictional and non-fictional stories for education and entertainment. The United States, and specifically Hollywood, became the center of the film industry world-wide. The widespread social and political changes which occurred in the mid-20th century shaped the estate we live in today and Hollywood began creating films about events at the time. A few common themes for this time period include racism and civil rights, communism, youth culture , musical trends, and the Vietnam War. The films director was largely responsible for the accuracy of a movie and, because of freedom of speech, directors were open to presenting these events in the manner that he or she wished. The worldwide audience and popularity of films made it an attractive medium for directors and actors to convey a variety of plots and viewpoints. As a result, film began to play an important role in how social issues, political issues, and military conflicts were perceived by the viewing public. Perceptions of historical events changed between the time immediately following the event and decades later. This is true of current issues such(prenominal) as the AIDS health epidemic and the military conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, and the Middle East. Perhap... ...tnam War Three Films Hollywood Made With Honor. Retrieved November 25, 2015, from The Chicago Tribune http//articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-04-28/entertainment/8501250766_1_vietnam-war-commercia l-feature-films-vietnam-eraStone, O. (Director). (1989). Born on the Fourth of July Motion Picture.Stone, O. (2009, December 4). The ledger - Bill Moyers Journal - Oliver Stone. (B. Moyer, Interviewer) Public Broadcasting Service.Suid, L. (n.d.). Film Comment. Retrieved November 25, 2015, from Hollywood and Vietnam http//filmcomment.com/article/hollywood-and-vietnamToplin, R. B. (1991, December). The Historian and Film A Research Agenda. Journal of American History, 78(3), 116-1163.Wetta, F. J., & Novelli, M. A. (2003, July). Now a Major Motion Picture War Films and Hollywoods New Patriotism. Journal of Military History, 67(3), 861-882.

American Jefferson Essay -- essays research papers

the Statesn Sphinx The character of Thomas JeffersonA record book by Joseph J. Ellis. Copyright 1997 Vintage.Joseph J. Ellis, a historian who was educated at the College of William and Mary and Yale, is a Ford Foundation Professor of History at Mount Holyoke University. He has indite four books on historical topics, centered on the time Jefferson was alive, dealing with issues and personalities Jefferson dealt with firsthand. After authoring a book on a politician such as John Adams, Ellis seems to have felt a need or want to focus on Jefferson, presumably because of his status as founding father and master(prenominal) contributor to the constitution. Elliss thesis in American Sphinx can be summed up by the quote in the prologue by James Parton If Jefferson was wrong, America is wrong. If America is right, Jefferson is right. However, Ellis gave the impression that he was brought reluctantly to the task of researching and writing so extensively on Jefferson. Perhaps he was spurre d on by the rebirth of interest in the Jefferson legacy. In recent years, the exposure of Jeffersons affair and subsequent illegitimate children to a mulatto slave named Sally Hemings, and Elliss own experience of watching another(prenominal) scholar of Jefferson imitate him to near perfection probably inspired Ellis to add a few more notches to his authoring resume. The influence Jefferson has over Ellis is apparent. He began college at a school founded by Jefferson, and is fond of a statue conspicuously facing the womens dorms on campus. His professional research and scholarship always involved some collateral influence by Jefferson. Even so, in writing this book, Joseph Ellis has taken an unbiased approach to Jefferson, neer smoothing over points and incidents in which Thomas had definitely misjudged. Ellis realizes that in reality, no politician or leading figure can ever amount to the ideal of perfection attributed to some, (i.e. Jesus Christ) but stands by Jefferson in the fa ce of morose critics who would defame Jeffersons name and work based on issues and or mistakes that happened in life outside the political world. I have also find that Ellis, when quoting other Jeffersonian authors, will contradict the reference he quoted, but will not dispu... ...wn errors, which will never be intentional and your support against the errors of others, who whitethorn condemn what they would not if seen in all its parts. (Pg. 214) Quite profound in comparison to the speeches often heard today by Presidents who would never have got to any wrongdoing. (I did not have sexual relations with THAT woman) After his term of office was over, Jefferson led an active life in American ideals and politics. However, his life was never the same after his wife died, and many of the current criticisms of Jefferson stem from this post presidential period. It is my firm belief that Jefferson deserved no reprimand for his actions then, or now. To conclude, Jefferson has been rancid into a hero to me by Ellis, and probably without Ellis intending to do so. A scholar such as Joseph warrants literary acclaim when he creates a biography that so wonderfully illustrates the life of a man to whom this nation owes so much. It is my intention to reread this book, and perhaps others he has read. Based on the fact that this is a book review, I will jump into Bill Cosbys shoes, pretend Im on Reading Rainbow, and sing a little song astir(predicate) this book.

Environmental Destruction in Southeast Asia due to Golf Course Developm

Environmental Destruction in Southeast Asia due to golf game Course Development The sport of golf has come a long way since it was first played on the wind blown pasture lands of Scotland all over 600 years ago. Today, golf courses around the world argon in a way their own small ecosystem, where only pieces of the natural environment are a part of these artificial landscapes. Courses are meticulously groomed for twain championship and tourist play. The game is taking front stage all over the world and new courses are being constructed everyday. This may be smashing for the game of golf and the wealthy investor who is making millions off of these luscious green fairways, but what about the drawbacks to environmental degradation that it is causing?The main environmental make of golf courses in Southeast Asia are similar to those all over the world, but lack government regulation like in the United States. These countries do not brook a strict Environmental Protection Agency or ot her NGOs to keep these issues under control. The main problems between the environment and golf course development that will be discussed in this paper include water usage and contamination, deforestation, the use of toxic chemicals and fertilizers, and the importation of non native grasses. The governments of these countries will alike be examined, as to how they are dealing with these problems and how, if at all, they are helping their native people. After discussing the problems of Southeast Asias golf boom, this synthesis will go into detail about what can be done to help slow down or eliminate many a(prenominal) of these problems. The worlds golf vehemence and Japans current obsession over the game has swept through the countries of Southeast Asia since the early 1990s and currently there are over 500 new courses in the region. This compares to a total of only 45 golf courses in these same countries in the early 1970s. Currently, Malaysia has 155 courses, Indonesia has appro ximately 90, the Philippines have 80, and Thailand has close to 200 golf courses spread throughout their landscape.(ASIAGOLF) Along with these newly developed golf courses come all of the negative environmental impacts. In many of these countries, the government is either too corrupt, poor or they are focusing their energies on a multitude of other issues. Negative environmental effects are often times low on their pri... ...ts of Golf Course Development. Clubbing Southeast Asia. 12 Apr. 2005 .Japan Golf Courses and Deforestation (JPGOLFCase). Japans Golf Courses and the Environment. 1 Nov 1997. 12 Apr. 2005 .Cassady, Jeff (Bayer Crop Science). Personal interview. 12 Apr 2005.Contact Information (336) 255-1164TED Case Study. Asia Golf and Environment. 1 Nov 1997. 12 Apr. 2005 .Fahn, James David. A Land On Fire. Bolder Westview, 2003.(Fahn 53-59)Chris, Reuther. Towards a Greener Game. A New Environmental Awareness is Slowly Taking Hold of the U.S. Golf Industry. Aug 1999. The Academ y of Natural Sciences. 14 Apr. 2005 .Sport and Environment Thailands Golf Boom. Forces Behind Thailands Golf Rush. 12 Apr. 2005 .(Sport and Environment Thailands Golf Boom)Morita, Gen . Global Antigo. The Global Anit-Golf Movement - Manifesto. 4 1993. The Global Anti-Golf Movement. 14 Apr. 2005 .Impact of golf courses social, environmental, and economic. Impact of Golf Courses. Barcelona Field Studies midsection SL. 12 Apr. 2005 .Hildebrant, Timothy . Environmentalists cry fore in China. csmonitor.com. 16 Jul 2003. the Christian Science Monitor. 12 Apr. 2005 .

Polykleitos’ Bearer and Laocoon and His Sons Essay -- Essays Papers

Polykleitos Be ber and Laocoon and His SonsPolykleitos is a Roman statue. It is made out of marble and it is 6 feet 6 inches tall. The statue is of a male who looks to be athletic someone who works out. The statue is standing in a contrapuntal position it has its left leg slightly set witch causes his foot not to be flat on the platform under him. That position helps the statue stay balance. It is not rigid. The statue has no facial expression. It is serious. It eyes atomic number 18 deep and expressionless. The statues oral sex is facing to the left. His right arm is bent half room and his hands are balled up into a fist his hips are leaning towards the left side to help give him balance. His left arm is straight down by his side. It appears that the Spear Bearer is going to get wide awake to start walking at any moment. Looking at the statue is like looking at a black and white photograph it has no color. both(prenominal) Laocoon and His Sons and Polykleitos ar e Roman sculptures and both are made of the same material. The sculpture is 8 feet tall. Laocoons and His Sons create more color. This sculpture has a golden color to it. twain of these sculptures are depicting the human body. Both sculptures are depicting the male body as muscular and athletic looking. Both of these were done in the high school classical period witch lasted from 400 450 B.C.E. With both of these sculptures the surface appears to be smooth excluding the muscles that have curves. The contrast in the Laocoons and his Sons is light. You do see the shadows of Laocoons and his sons and those who are stressful to kill them. With Polykleitos you see Shadow of his facial features and the shadow of his legs on the platform he has under. Polykleitos has dullness to it and Laocoon has a more lively color. Where as the posture of Polykleitos seams approximately strange as if he was caught in mid motion Laocoons position is more action like. He is flexing moving around to get a way from his enemies. Both of these sculptures are copies. Menkaure and His Wife and Koshos Kuya PreachingThis statue is of both male and female. The statue is made out of marble. The statue is 54 tall. They are both standing on a platform. The kings left leg is extended forward. His arms are straight on either side of him. His fists are clenched and it appears as if he is holding and objects in them. He appe... ... The statue was thought be Venus or a Goddess used as symbol for fertility. The statue is a female it has very magnified features. Every part of the sculptures body is disproportionate and big. You cannot really see any facial features on this woman. Her connects right into her chest area. She has no neck. Her stomach is incredibly capacious and her belly button looks as if it had been stretch. Her legs are fat and pudgy. This is a very unnatural sculpture. The only part that resembles the human body is the chest area. She has no ar ms. foreign level of a King from Ife this sculpture does not in anyway shape or form resemble any part of the human body. The head of a king has human like characteristics, which means more distinct features that are identifiable right away to the human eye. The color and size of Head of a king are more lively and proportionate. The Head of a king is younger and the material used is smothering as well. Each of this sculptures and paintings have there own unique style. This is what makes them so interesting to observe. Their diverse backgrounds say a lot about the cultures and artists who created these unique irreplaceable creations of art.

The ID3 Algorithm :: Classification Algorithms

The ID3 Algorithm AbstractThis paper details the ID3 classification algorithm. really simply, ID3 builds a decision tree from a fixed chasten of examples. The resulting tree is used to classify future samples. The example has several attributes and belongs to a class (like yes or no). The leaf nodes of the decision tree contain the class name whereas a non-leaf node is a decision node. The decision node is an attribute test with separately branch (to another decision tree) being a possible value of the attribute. ID3 uses information gain to help it decide which attribute goes into a decision node. The returns of learning a decision tree is that a program, rather than a knowledge engineer, elicits knowledge from an expert.IntroductionJ. Ross Quinlan originally developed ID3 at the University of Sydney. He number one presented ID3 in 1975 in a book, Machine Learning, vol. 1, no. 1. ID3 is based off the Concept Learning System (CLS) algorithm. The basic CLS algorithm over a set of training instances CStep 1 If all instances in C be positive, then create YES node and halt.If all instances in C be negative, create a NO node and halt.Otherwise select a feature, F with values v1, ..., vn and create a decision node.Step 2 class the training instances in C into subsets C1, C2, ..., Cn according to the values of V.Step 3 apply the algorithm recursively to each of the sets Ci.Note, the trainer (the expert) decides which feature to select.ID3 improves on CLS by adding a feature selection heuristic. ID3 searches through the attributes of the training instances and extracts the attribute that best separates the given examples. If the attribute perfectly classifies the training sets then ID3 stops otherwise it recursively operates on the n (where n = number of possible values of an attribute) partitioned subsets to get their best attribute. The algorithm uses a greedy search, that is, it picks the best attribute and never looks back to reconsider ahead choices.Discu ssionID3 is a nonincremental algorithm, meaning it derives its classes from a fixed set of training instances. An incremental algorithm revises the current concept definition, if necessary, with a new sample. The classes created by ID3 are inductive, that is, given a small set of training instances, the specific classes created by ID3 are expected to work for all future instances. The distribution of the unknowns must be the same as the test cases.

Essay --

Strong, well-defined armor can be your best plus during the hot summer months. Although some people focus on the more visible biceps at the front of the upper arm, neglecting the triceps at the back of the upper arms can affect your coming into court and strength. engulf machines, which are present in most gym facilities, can help encounter your triceps. Knowing how to properly commit the machines and mastering proper fashion model can optimize your results.About the TricepsThe triceps is a three-headed, horseshoe-shaped muscle that sits at the back of your upper arms, opposites from your biceps. Its responsible for extending your elbows, which you might do when you cook a ball or reach out to shake someones hand. This muscle makes up 60 percent of your upper arms, and by strengthening it you can add up definition to your arms, and prevent a muscle imbalance and injuries. (See References 1, p. 46 and 47)The Centers for diseases Control and Prevention recommends strength trai ning at least twice a week. (See References 2) During your routine, work your arms last, so theyre not fatigued when you do chest, back, and shoulder exercises, which also engage your arms.Assisted dump MachineAn assisted dip machine is apotheosis if youre not strong decent yet to do body weight dips on the parallel bars. This apparatus allows you to select the amount of help you need to actualize the range of motion. During the exercise you die hard or kneel on a movable lever while grasping parallel bars with your hands. You then shepherds crook your elbows back, keeping them tucked undermentioned to your sides, and allow the lever to lower your body. When your upper arms are bent 90 degrees, press yourself up to the starting maculation with the assistance of the machine. Squeeze your triceps at the top of the ... ...tp//books.google.com/books?id=2MOrDKokat8C&pg=PA46&dq=triceps+60+percent+arms+extend+elbow&hl=en&sa=X&ei=guMIU9fnN8qFogT8uYDIAw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAAv=onepage&q=tr iceps%2060%20percent%20arms%20extend%20elbow&f=false Centers for Disease Control and Prevention How some(prenominal) Physical Activity Do Adults Need? http//www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/guidelines/adults.html ExRx.net Assisted Triceps Dip http//www.exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/ASTriDip.html MuscleMag Machine Dip vs. Bench Dip http//www.musclemag.com/muscle-building/machine-dip-vs-bench-dip/.Uwjejc5xWSo ExRx.net Lever Triceps Dip http//exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/LVTriDip.html ExRx.net Triceps Dip http//www.exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/BWTriDip.html ExRx.net Bench Dip (Heels on Floor) http//exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/BWBenchDipFloor.htmlUser Bio Essay -- Strong, well-defined arms can be your best asset during the hot summer months. Although many people focus on the more visible biceps at the front of the upper arm, neglecting the triceps at the back of the upper arms can affect your appearance and strength. Dip machines, w hich are present in most gym facilities, can help work your triceps. Knowing how to properly use the machines and mastering proper form can optimize your results.About the TricepsThe triceps is a three-headed, horseshoe-shaped muscle that sits at the back of your upper arms, opposites from your biceps. Its responsible for extending your elbows, which you might do when you throw a ball or reach out to shake someones hand. This muscle makes up 60 percent of your upper arms, and by strengthening it you can add definition to your arms, and prevent a muscle imbalance and injuries. (See References 1, p. 46 and 47)The Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention recommends strength training at least twice a week. (See References 2) During your routine, work your arms last, so theyre not fatigued when you do chest, back, and shoulder exercises, which also engage your arms.Assisted Dip MachineAn assisted dip machine is ideal if youre not strong enough yet to do body weight dips on the paralle l bars. This apparatus allows you to select the amount of help you need to complete the range of motion. During the exercise you stand or kneel on a movable lever while grasping parallel bars with your hands. You then bend your elbows back, keeping them tucked next to your sides, and allow the lever to lower your body. When your upper arms are bent 90 degrees, press yourself up to the starting point with the assistance of the machine. Squeeze your triceps at the top of the ... ...tp//books.google.com/books?id=2MOrDKokat8C&pg=PA46&dq=triceps+60+percent+arms+extend+elbow&hl=en&sa=X&ei=guMIU9fnN8qFogT8uYDIAw&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAAv=onepage&q=triceps%2060%20percent%20arms%20extend%20elbow&f=false Centers for Disease Control and Prevention How Much Physical Activity Do Adults Need? http//www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/guidelines/adults.html ExRx.net Assisted Triceps Dip http//www.exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/ASTriDip.html MuscleMag Machine Dip vs. Bench Dip http//www.muscle mag.com/muscle-building/machine-dip-vs-bench-dip/.Uwjejc5xWSo ExRx.net Lever Triceps Dip http//exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/LVTriDip.html ExRx.net Triceps Dip http//www.exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/BWTriDip.html ExRx.net Bench Dip (Heels on Floor) http//exrx.net/WeightExercises/Triceps/BWBenchDipFloor.htmlUser Bio

Reflection on Humanities

Reflection on Humanities Art is very authorised in our lives. It constitutes one of the oldest form and most important means of expression developed by man. It is a language, which is charged with feelings and significance that has sprung up among men living together. For this, I am very glad to get it on the beauty of arts, to meet arts within my body and soul. The teaching of the humanities is intended to make us students realize that the mere possession of knowledge is ineffectual unless put to useful ends.Moreover, we would become aware that knowledge alone is meaningless unless it is accompanied by values, sentiments, priorities, insights, inter-relationships and other transcendent realities not subject to empirical proofs similarly form part of the persons education. In the humanities, we, students are exposed to these, thus, the development of the whole person, which is the goal of humanities. The humanities are the stories, the ideas, and the words that help us make sense of our lives and our world.The humanities introduce us to people we have never met, places we have never visited, and ideas that may have never crossed our minds. By showing how others have lived and thought about life, the humanities help us decide what is important in our own lives and what we can do to make them better. By connecting us with other people, they point the way to answers about what is right or wrong, or what is true to our heritage and our history.The humanities help us address the challenges we locution together in our families, our communities, and as a nation. I am blessed to have met Mr. Apas. I knew and realized the glaring importance and beauty of what he continuously tell us regarding culture and art in our humanities class. But I pray the effort for each of us to grasp at what he was aiming, might at the very least bring us to a better understanding of arts and culture.

Trail of Tears and the Five Civilized Tribes

During the early years of 1800s, valuable gold deposits were discovered in tribal lands, which by previous cessions had been reduced to about seven million acres in northwest Georgia, eastern Tennessee, and southwest North Carolina. In 1819, Georgia appealed to the U. S. political relation to remove the Cherokee from Georgia lands. When the appeal failed, attempts were made to purchase the territory. Meanwhile, in 1820 the Cherokee established a governwork forcetal system modeled on that of the United States, with an elected top dog chief, a senate, and a house of representatives.Because of this system, the Cherokee were included as one of the so-called Five Civilized Tribes. The other four tribes were the Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and the Seminoles. In 1832, in spite of the position the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Georgia legislation was unconstitutional, federal authorities, following Jacksons policy of native American removal, ignored the decision. round five hundred leading Cherokee agreed in 1835 to cede the tribal territory in exchange for $5,700,000 and land in Indian Territory ( immediately okeh).Their follow through was repudiated by more than nine-tenths of the tribe, and several members of the group were later assassinated. In 1838 federal troops began forcible evicting the Cherokee. Approximately one thousand escaped to the North Carolina Mountains, purchased land, and coordinated in that state they were the ancestors of the present-day Eastern Band. Most of the tribe, including the occidental Band, was driven west about eight hundred miles in a forced march, cognize as the Trail of Tears.The march west included 18,000 to 20,000 people, of whom about 4000 perished through hunger, disease, and exposure. The Cherokee are of the Iroquoian linguistic family. Their economy, like that of the other southeastern tribes, was based on intense agriculture, mainly of corn, beans, and squash. Deer, bear, and elk were hunted. The t ribe was classd into seven matrilineal clans that were dispersed in war and peace moieties (half-tribes). The people lived in numerous permanent villages, nigh of which belonged to the war moiety, the assuagement to the peace moiety.In the early 19th century, the Cherokee demonstrated unusual adaptability to Western institutions, both in their governmental changes and in their adoption of Western method of animal harvesting and farming. Public schools were established and in the 1820s, a tribal member invented an 85-character syllable script for the Cherokee language. Widespread literacy followed almost immediately. In 1828 the first Native American newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, began publication. Today in Oklahoma, much of the culture has remained the same.Their traditional crafts are most strongly preserved by the Eastern Band where their basketry is considered to be disturb to or better than that of earlier times. In Oklahoma the Cherokee live both on and off the reservati on, scattered in urban centers and in isolated boorish regions. Their occupations range form fishing to industrial labor to business management. In North Carolina, farming, forestry, factory work, and tourism are sources of income. As of 1990 there were 308,132 Cherokee descendants in the United States.Another member of the five tribes is the Seminoles, a Native American tribe of the Muskogean language family. Most now live in Oklahoma and grey Florida. The Seminole tribe developed in the 18th century from members of the Creed Confederacy, mostly Creeks and Hitchiti, who raided and eventually settled in Florida. After the United States acquired Florida in 1819, the territorial governor, Andrew Jackson, initiated a vigorous policy of tribal removal to open the land for white settlers.After the capture of their leader Osceola in 1837 and the end of the Second Seminole War in 1842, several thousand Seminole were forcibly moved west to Indian Territory. At the end of the Third Seminol e War in 1858, about 250 more were sent west. The rest were allowed to remain, and their descendants signed a peace treaty with the United States in 1935. In 1964 the Miccosukee signed a 50-year agreement with national Park Service that allows the Miccosukee feeler to more than 300 acres of the Everglades. The Florida Seminole have five reservations.They farm, hunt, fish, and some run tourist-related businesses. Many still live in thatch-roofed, open-sided houses on stilts and wear patchwork and ornament clothing. The Seminole in Oklahoma were given a smaller reservation after the American Civil War. In the late 19th century they yielded to pressure to divide their tribal land into individual allotments and cede the surplus to the United States this land was opened to settlers in 1889. In 1990 Seminole descendants numbered 13, 797. Many were Baptists, but both the Florida and Oklahoma groups retained traditional Muskogean observances.The three remaining tribes, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and the Creek, are all close in relationship. All tribes are of the Muskogean linguistic family and all occupied an area that now includes Georgia, Alabama, manuscript, Louisiana, and Kentucky. The Chickasaw lived in dwellings constructed alongside streams and rivers rather than in villages. They obtained food by hunting, fishing, and farming. The Creek were an agricultural tribe, living in villages consisting of log houses. Creek women cultivated corn, squash, beans, and other crops, and the men hunted and fished.The Choctaw were less warlike that their traditional enemies, the Chickasaw and the Creek. They lived in mud and bark cabins with thatched roofs. They were also agricultural people, probably the most able farmers of the southeastern region. They also brocaded cattle, fished, and hunted. In 1990 the Chickasaw and their descendants numbered 20,631, the Creek heritage numbered 43,550, and a large number of Choctaw and their descendants live principally in Oklahoma and also in Mississippi and Louisiana.During the 18th and 19th centuries the Choctaw were forced to move farther and farther west to avoid conflict with European settlers. By 1842 they had ceded most of their land to the United States and were relocate in Indian Territory, land set aside for them in present-day Oklahoma. Here the Choctaw became, along with Creek, Cherokee, Chickasaw, and Seminole, part of a group of Native Americans known as the Five Civilized Tribes, so called because they had organized governments the establishment of public schools and newspapers.

Health Policy Week

Could it be that the healthcare system wants the issue to rise because that is how they make their money, or is it because not enough studies or programs exist for those people who have no insurance and cant get the necessary help they need to attack the problem? This paper will talk about(predicate) and confront the many problems and concerns of fleshiness and will depict how the healthcare personnel can address the situation. II. Identifying Patients at Risk A. Economic despair and the geographic locations nobble a major part in obesity In America. African Americans are the race that is feeling the oppression of obesity.B. Blacks, those who are middle-aged, and lower-income adults continue to be the groups with the highest obesity rates. The healthcare law could help reduce obesity among low-income Americans if the uninsured sign up for coverage and take advantage of the free obesity screening and charge that most insurance companies are required to provide under the law (Sharp e, 2013). Ill. Obesity and the Health Policy A. ) Many health officials are offering bread and butter advice for obese patients but been proven ineffective at the individual levels. B. Obesity causes many chronic illnesses. Some illnesses include diabetes, high blood pressure, liver diseases, and just about form of cancers to name a few. IV. Increased Health Cost Caused by Rising Obesity A. ) Surgeries are being done to assist people with losing weight. gastric banding and gastric bypass surgery are what personnel are relying on to lose weight and the cost isnt cheap. B. ) Obesity healthcare cost is astounding in the United States. Physicians are probably putting the disease on the bottom of their to-do list because that is where they are making their money.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Large Populations

The meaning of CPI (Consumer Price Index) is a measure of how the damage of goods and services changes over a period of time. Real GDP per capita content calculating the average income per person in a year. Cost of Living alone means the amount of cash we use to live by everyday like, the silver we paid for food, taxes, see doctor, and petrol for cars. While regulation of Living means the quality and how people are able to afford of housing, luxurious or non-luxurious living. Different levels of wealth and comfort ability.The advantages of having a large population are an growth in a countrys wealth, more demands hence, causes a growth in economy as sound as, rising of income per household. Benefiting larger families, with more money to spend for example, travelling and ability to purchase more stuff. If there are larger population in a country, it also means more money impart go into the countrys capital for example, paying of taxes and household bills to the governments. H aving a large population doesnt mean it is an advantage too.There are unimpeachably disadvantages of having a large population in a country, like a shortage in properties, demanding of a rise in salaries and also shortage of resources. The hearty GDP for China in year 2011 was $7. 318 trillion USD, charm the real GDP for Singapore was $239. 7 billion USD. Real GDP per capita for China was 8,500 USD while Singapore was 60,500 USD. There will be pros and cons of Cost of Living in China as China is a big country and difficult to maintain.China has a total population of 1,344,130,000. As mentioned above, that the advantages of having a large population in a country may increase the wealth of the country as well as the economy. Demanding for Standard of Living for example, asking for bigger houses or space if theres a big family. However, Singapore is a very depleted country with a population of only 5,184,000. Cost of Living is so much higher as Singapore is the smallest countries i n the world and that makes it easier to maintain as compared to China.More will demand on Standard of Living because Singapore is small and if, there are going to be new members joining in the family they will probably need to have a much bigger space to live. Singapore is also known as one of the richest country in the world. Thus, Standard of Living is high. Consumers demanding for better clothing, food and living environment. It is because Singapore is a small country and the country does not have to spend more money on maintenance except for upgrading and that makes more Singaporeans to be rich hence, Standard of Living is high.

Role of Youth in National Development

My name is Ram Manohar. I am a turner engaged in paddy field cultivation as well as the repository of an Association of farmers. I come from Thirunellveli district in Tamil Nadu. About five kilometers from my farm land, a multinational alliance established a grind for producing soft drinks. The stallion land around the factory to an extent of 10 Sq. km was under paddy cultivation. The entire irrigate requirement for the troupe was from calibre wells in the smart set premises.It is understood from the employees of the company that each bore well is around 1000 ft deep. Since the establishment of the factory the water handiness in the bore wells in the farm land started receding. The main water source for agriculture and day to day life is from bore wells. The company apart from producing soft drinks is in any case producing a fertiliser as a by -product. The Agriculture Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu is marketing the fertilizer at a subsidized rate. The said fer tilizer is very cheap and the farmers are using the same for paddy cultivation.However the use of fertilizer has reduced the yield. Since the past ii familys or so the entire bore wells in the farm land has gone dry. Hence I am unable to cultivate paddy for the last two years. Around 2000 farmers in the locality are similarly placed. The Government has appointed a study commission to look into the issue of paucity of water, reduced yield and connected issues. After enquiry the Commission recommended the immediate closing of the factory. The Government of Tamil Nadu acted on the Report and closed the factory. In the stave the Government also framed rules for regulating bore wells.The company has wound up its entire activities in India and closed its office and its responsible persons had left India. The entire farmers in the locality under the association are on an indefinite strike. We are demanding compensation. Can we claim compensation from the Government as well as from the company. Presently the farmers switch no means for their daily livelihood. Please advise us. Additional Information 1. I am sixty years old. 2. From time senile my family is engaged in paddy cultivation and Thirunelveli district is known as the rice bowl of Tamil Nadu. 3. I own fifteen acres of farm land. 4.The name of the company is Popsco. It is a Finnish company. 5. The company started functioning in India in the year 2005. 6. The company has 100 acres of land. 7. There are 40 bore wells in the factory premises. 8. I have three bore wells in my farmland and they have also gone dry. 9. The median(a) depth of the bore well in the farm land of the area is 250 ft. 10. The Commission was appointed during July 2007 11. The Commission gave its report during March 2008. 12. The Commission found that the fertilizer contained high level of Cadium which has resulted in the reduced yield and that the farmlands have been contaminated. 3. The Commission also found that the water shortage w as due to excess drawing of fundament water by the factory. 14. The Commission found that the farm lands cannot be profitably cultivated for a minimum period of five years. 15. Fertilizers containing Cadium has been banned since 2003 in almost all parts of Europe. 16. The commission found that a minimum ten years period is required for sufficient increase in the ground water level. 17. The estimated loss of income of the farmers as per the Commission Report is five thousand Crores. 18.The commission found that the fertilizer was approved for sale bypassing statutory requirements. 19. The factory was closed during celestial latitude 2009,till that time the factory was fully operational. 20. The association has given written representation for compensation to the company on October 10th 2009. KERALA LAW ACADEMY MOOT courtyard SOCIETY,Thiruvananthapuram ELEVENTH NATIONAL CLIENT CONSULTING COMPETITION 2010 KERALA LAW ACADEMY, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM FINAL My name is Sofia. I am a veterinar y doctor and an expert in conceptus transplant technology. I am an employee of a Company in Gujarat.I joined the company on 10/05/06. The notification for selection stipulated that a five year bond has to be executed as a condition for selection. After selection I executed the bond. At the time of selection I have surrendered my entire original certificates to the company. The bond stipulated that I should work for minimum five years with the company and in case of resignation, liquidated damages of Rs ten lakhs has to be paid. furthermore the bond contained a non competition clause which prohibited me from working in a similar organization for ten years. All the selected candidates executed the bond.I was sent to Denmark for habitude train by the company. The company has agreed to enhance the salary to all employees w. e. f 01/01/08. However the company has not yet enhanced the salary citing fiscal crisis. There was an offer from another company. I appeared for the interview and got selected. I was instructed to produce the original certificates on or before 10/02/2010. I approached my company for relieving me and also for original certificates. The company stated that I cannot be relieved as the new company is engaged in similar business. I lost the opportunity.From April the company is facing severe financial crisis. The future of the company is uncertain. Can I resign from this company and opt for another job. The company has orally informed me that they would not relieve me till the bond period is over. I am one among the ten veterinary doctors in India who are skilled in embryo transplantation and as such I have tremendous job opportunities with higher prospects. Am I entitled to claim compensation from the company for denying my opportunity? The company is threatening to sue me if I join similar institutions. Please advise me.Additional Information 1. Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Degree obtained in the year 2005. 2. The name of my Company is Gujarat Livestock Corporation. 3. Selection was through all India written test and Interview. 4. Bond was executed on 1/05/2006. The bond has no clause allowing the company to retain my original certificates. I have the copy of the bond and the copy of the notification inviting application for the job. 5. The pay scale is Rs 16000-22000. 6. My post is patron Veterinary Surgeon. 7. I successfully completed the probation on10/05/08. 8.It was told that the original certificates would be returned after the probation period. 9. The proposed enhancement of salary was Rs five thousand per month. 10. The offer for the new job was from Gujarat diary Corporation. 11. The offered post was Deputy Manager. 12. The pay scale of the new company was Rs 25000-35000. 13. Written request for relieving was made on 20/01/2010. 14. Reply to the above request was authoritative on 28/01/2010. 15. Gujarat Diary Corporation and Gujarat Livestock Corporation are engaged in similar activit ies and both are promoted by the Government of Gujarat. 16.I was provided in- hold training for the first six months by the company. 17. I went to Denmark on 10/05/07. Training was the same as given in the in house training and was for three months. 18. The company has spent Rs fifteen lakhs as expenses for my training in Denmark. 19. In addition I went for training to Australia for three months with the permission of my employer. Training in Australia was from 2/06/08 to 02/09/08. 20. The training in Australia was for specialization in embryo transplantation. 21. Training in Australia was on my own expenses KERALA LAW ACADEMY MOOT COURT SOCIETY,Thiruvananthapuram

Guy Gode: Rereading America

What is the Guy Code? According to Kimmel, the Guy Code is the collection of attitudes, values, and traits that together composes what is means to be a man. Pretty much, the Guy Code means that you never show your feelings, be strong, and never give up. All in all, dont be a sissy. You should never show emotions or admit to weakness. To the world, you must show that theres nothing to be concerned about and that everything is going to be fine. In my opinion, I would have to say that this is also my understanding of what is means to be a man.I think of them as not letting anyone step all everyplace them and that they think theyre always in control. They try to always win especially when theyre competing with theyre friends. An encounter that I have observed and experience that involve the gender police is in Junior High gym class. Guys would always criticize and judge other guys if they screwed up on anything while play a game. It always happened to be the more popular guys in my gr ade who would constantly watch the non-popular guys just to watch them mess up.They would do this just so they can sit there and call them a bunch of names for example wimp, dork, faggot, weak, etc. I always felt bad for them because I knew that it would stir them in the long run. This incident has had a lasting effect on me. I always feel bad for the guys who go out for sports who arent authentically good but go out anywase because the guys who are really good will just keep putting them down and calling them names. This makes guys more wedded to depression, suicidal behavior.

Compulsory School Age Essay

some(prenominal) young person with tabu a spirited take diploma is at a severe disfavor in our high domesticate-tech labor market, with its accompanying demands for advanced instruction. We cant prep atomic number 18 learners for the 21st degree Celsius who argonnt in take aim. Increasing graduation footsteps requires a continuum of st setgies that eng mature students, including ensuring their presence in the classroom. The above-mentioned quote by National Education Association (NEA) President Dennis Van Roekel sizes up the situation crisply. Although critics negociate that students inclined to dropping give away of school go out quit school anyway and education is a responsibleness of local and state g all overnments and top the requisite school while will have wee effect, research indicates there be benefits in raising the earthal compulsory school attention suppurate to 18.Current ProblemCompulsory school attendance refers to the minimum and maximum age req uired by each state for students to be enrolled in and attending public schools or some comparable education program as defined by law. The good countersign is student in the United pleads be graduating from high school at a rate better than any time since 1976 the bad new-sprung(prenominal)s is about 20 percent still drop out, most of whom ar minorities. The figures are from the National middle(a) for Education Statistics report, Public work Graduates and Dropouts from the Common Core of Data School Year 2009-2010. Dropouts face highly bleak economic and social prospects. Compared to high school graduates, they are less likely find a job and form a living wage, and more than than likely to be poor and to suffer from a variety of adverse health outcomes. The statistics are sobering.Both in the short-term, when dropouts first leave school, and in the gigantic-term, over their entire working lives, dropouts are severely disadvantaged relative to students who complete high ( Rumberger, p. 88, 2011). Dropouts are close to twice as likely to be poorin 2009, 25 percent of high school dropouts had incomes below the poverty level compared to 14 percent for high school graduates with no college (Rumberger, p. 92, 2011). The economic disadvantages of non completing high school have grown more sizeable over time as the availability of low-skilled jobs hasdeclined. The median annual earnings of full-time, full- stratum dropouts were 15 percent less than high school completers in 1980, but increased to 21 percent by 2008 (Rumberger, p. 93, 2011). In youthful years, the drop-out rate in US schools, currently estimated at over 20% overall and overrepresented among low income, Black, and Latino and other minority students, has gained a great deal of attention, because of its impact on the students and on the communities in which they live.There are some dynamics that fuel these inordinate rates for minorities. By raising the compulsory school attendance age and p roviding supports for fight students, 25 percent of likely dropouts remained in school because of compulsory schooling laws (Raising the Compulsory School Attendance Age, National Association of Secondary School Principals. May 2010.) To remain in school, students must kick in their time and attention to their schoolwork and their school activities. They must excessively get along with their teachers and fellow students. provided some students engage in a number of behaviors in and out of school that increase their chance of dropping out. These behaviors include misbehaving in school, delinquent behavior outside of school, drug and alcohol use, and sexual activeness and teen childbearing. The research literature finds that engaging in any of these behaviors increases the risk of dropping out of school ( Sanchez p. 172).Potential dropouts will not get the specialized help if they dropout because they were not required to stay in school until the age of 18. Dropouts are generally unprepared to contribute to society and are a slant on the estates economy. Lower local, state, and national tax revenues are the most obvious issue of higher dropout rates even when dropouts are employed, they earn significantly lower wages than do graduates. order and local economies suffer further when they have less-educated populaces, as they find it more difficult to attract new business investment. Simultaneously, these entities must spend more on social programs when their populations have lower educational levels.The nations economy and competitive standing also suffer when there are high dropout rates. Among substantial countries, the United States ranks twenty-first in high school graduation rates and fifteenth in college increase rates among twenty-five- to thirty-four-year-olds. Dropouts represent a tremendous loss of human potential and productivity, and they significantly reduce the nations ability to compete in an increasinglyglobal economy. Furthermore, recen t estimates project that the future home(prenominal) workforce demands will require higher levels of education among U.S. workers. However, without significant improvements in the high school and postsecondary tip rates, the nation is on track to fall short by up to 3 million postsecondary degrees by 2018 (Junn, p. 7). CriticsThose contending that raising the compulsory school attendance age would be useless are mistaken. Research indicates that about 25% of potential dropouts remain in school because of compulsory school laws. Compulsory school attendance laws provide for the direct enforcement and policing of school attendance. In addition, overall enrollment rates among 16 year olds are lower in states that allow them to drop out when they turn 16. Philip Oreopoulos, in two separate studies exploitation information gathered by various surveys analyzed the issue of implementing compulsory attendance laws (Oreopoulos-2005, p. 12). Using supererogatory information from countrie s like England and Ireland, he concluded that students who are compelled to complete at least one more year of school will earn 12 percent more than those who choose to drop out earlier (Oreopoulos-2005, p. 13). In the second study specifically concerning that increasing the drop out age (above 16) increases an privates schooling by .12 to .16 years, thus better preparing them for the labor force. In his study he also observed a decrease of 1.2 and 2.1 percentage points in the overall dropout rate.As with some of the other studies, he concluded that the policy does not affect the rates other factors such as funding and choice measures must be put into place (Oreopoulos-December 2005, p. 17). Critics also argue that education is primarily a State and local responsibility. While this is established by the 10th Amendment to the US Constitution, the United States has a fundamental responsibility to promote policies nationally that effect all of its citizens. The dropout rate is alarmi ng and could pose national security issues. An individual task force launched by the Council on Foreign Relations (2013) is warning the U.S. education system is barreling toward a national security crisis. The report highlights a Defense surgical incision statistic that 75% of American youth begettert qualify for the armed forces because of a lack of a high school diploma, obesity or a criminal record.The disproportionate number of minority groups with high dropoutrates could be further investigated by the office of Civil Rights (OCR). Why are so many minorities leaving school? We live in a highly mobile society with people constantly moving from state to state. This mobility will resoluteness in different compulsory school attendance ages in different states. In 1980, Congress established the Department of Education (DOE), as a Cabinet level agency. Today, the DOE operates programs that touch on every(prenominal) area and level of education. The official mission of the Doe is t o .promote student achievement and preparation for global combat by fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access. Raising the national compulsory school age to 18 would carry out this mission perfectly. It is difficult to determine how many students would choose to pursue a higher education or technical training, once they graduate, it is extra difficult to reasonably argue that they should be allowed to give up on school. Faced with the reality of trying to get a job and further a family, most students who dropped out wished they had remained in school.The facts are well documentedthe economic consequences of dropping out are dramatic (John M. Bridgeland, John J. DiIulio, Jr.and Ryan Streeter argue Their concerns are merited the economic consequences of dropping out are dramatic. In the United States, high school graduates earn 43 percent more than individuals without a high school diploma, and college graduates earn more than 150 percent one and a half multiplica tion more. median(a) earnings for people who have not graduated from high school are currently a mere $415 per week. Research has shown a 10 percent rise in earnings for people who barely stay in school one year longer. Over their lifetimes, female high school dropouts earn between $120,000 and $244,000 less than female graduates, and males $117,000 to $322,000 less than male graduates.College graduates earn between $800,000 and $1,387,000 more over their lifetimes than high school dropouts. Not only are earnings prospects bleak for dropouts who have jobs, but the prospect of having a job at all is not guaranteed dropouts are much more likely to be unemployed. The unemployment rate among individuals who have not graduated from high school is 65 percent higher than it is for graduates and three times higher than it is for college graduates. Clearly, dropping out of high school is practically equivalent to choosing a life of financial hardship. It also places a burden upon societ y as a whole. Annual public health be for dropouts have been estimated at $58 billion, andapproximately $10 billion could be saved each year in public assistance if all our students graduated from high school. (p. 10) In their overview and survey of research on the importance of compulsory school ages (Hoor & Reynolds p 3-4) find that raising the age is an important component of confronting the dropout problem. In their study, Understanding and Addressing the Issue of the High School Dropout Age, the authors find evidence that raising the compulsory school age is gaining support across the United States in part because doing so helps reduce dropout numbers. The paper also provides a sampling of evidence-based interventions that help reduce the dropout rate.SolutionsThere is no simple way to nationally raise the compulsory school attendance age to 18 years. Just raising the age to 18 is not enough. It will take cooperation from many sectors to realize this needed policy change. Eval uating past domesticize efforts and the existing more recent research literature on implementation will provide information needed for developing more successful programs in the future. Though all states will benefit from raising the age to 18, states have change factors they must consider and must do what fits for that state. reservation schools and schools districts accountable for implementing and maintaining the national compulsory school attendance age of 18 is a great start. Thankfully, No Child Left Behind is is being left-hand(a) behind. However, a fair, consistent and reliable means of effectively addressing dropouts must be developed. The school environment itself determines whether at-risk students succeed. Students who are supported, motivated, and encouraged by their teachers, who regard their teachers as caring, and who receive guidance from their teachers usually like school.In contrast, dropouts often report leaving school because they did not get along with thei r teachers or classmates. Smaller class sizes or counseling and guidance programs for struggling students are ways to improve how students perceive their teacher support networks. (Oreopoulos, Philip 2006 p. 31). Making funding available to hire and train teachers and providing smaller classes will help ease these issues. Providing other school-appropriate proven resources will also help. Currently, many school districts expel or suspend students for long catchs of time, but are stillable to receive FTE (Full-time equivalent workload of a student) funding for much of the time period the student is not in school. They are not providing services, but they get the money whether the student is in school or not. This must stop. Otherwise, schools have no monetary incentive to keep students in school. School-based approaches as standalone programs are unlikely to solve the dropout crisis without providing adequate support to families and communities.In particular, even widespread school reform that raised the persistently lowest-achieving schools to even average achievement levels will unlikely raise the graduation rate sufficiently and at best eliminate about one-third of the achievement gap differences between racial and socioeconomic groups. Therefore, to improve graduation rates and to close gaps in graduation will require interventions in two other arenas families and communities (Rumberger p. 274). Making families and communities more responsible by empowering them will go a long way. Family involvement is one of the most important contributors to school completion and success. The most accurate predictor of a students school achievement is the extent to which his/her family encourages learning. Success is more likely if the family communicates high, yet reasonable, expectations for the students education and future career and becomes involved in his/her education (Schargel & Smink, p. 99, 177). Although the research explicitly confirms the verifying and lon g-lasting effects of parent, family, and community involvement on student learning, this data is often overlooked in local, state, and national discussions about raising student achievement and closing achievement gaps (Berliner, p. 975).As much as the nation should be alarmed by the scope and gravity of Americas dropout problem, we should also be encouraged by the leadership that states across the country are demonstrating to address it. The District of Columbia and 17 other states already require students to be in school until they are 18. The pessimists will exclaim that changing the compulsory graduation age to 18 will not stop those determined to quit school from quitting and the responsibility of school laws should be left to states, however, there is a compelling body of research that indicates benefits to raising the compulsory age of school attendance to 18 nationally.Works CitedAllan, Kenneth. A Primer in affable and Sociological Theory Toward a Sociology of Citizenship. Los Angeles SAGE/Pine Forge, 2011. Print. David, Berliner C. Our Impoverished View of Educational Reform. Teachers College Record 108.6 (2006) 949-975. Print. Despite Interventions, No-Show Students Drop stunned NPR. NPR.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2013. Junn, Jane. The Political Costs of Unequal Education. Department of Political Science & Eagleton Institute of Politics Rutgers University (2005) 14. Web. 24 Oct. 2005. Nakamura, David, and Scott Wilson. Middle Class is Under Threat. Washington target Washington 12 Jan. 2012 1. Print. Roderick, Melissa R. The Path to Dropping Out Evidence for Intervention. Westport, Conn Auburn House, 1993. Print. Rumberger, Russell W. Dropping Out Why Students Drop Out of High School and What Can Be Done About It. Cambridge, upsurge Harvard University Press, 2011. Print. Rushton, Rosie, and Kathryn Lamb. Staying Cool, Surviving School Secondary School Strategies. Puffin, 1995. Print. Sidlow, Edward, and Beth Henschen. Govt Student Edition. Bost on, MA Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2013. Print. Smink, Jay, and Franklin P. Schargel. Helping Students Graduate A strategic Approach to Dropout Prevention. Larchmont, N.Y Eye On Education, 2004. Print.

Quinte Mir

The present(prenominal) issue is that Benton-Cooper Medical Centres magnetic resonance imaging clinic has been open for 6 workweeks and non performing to expectations and to the promises do by their new magnetic resonance imaging provider, Quinte MRI. With referrals to the clinic, doctors expect to receive MRI transcription reports within two long magazine and the true backwardslog exceeds 14 days. As a result at that place is a loss of tolerant referrals from doctors within the infirmary and surrounding community which means a loss of tax revenue for BCMC. Quinte MRI must(prenominal) determine what is causation the backlog and how to fix it.Secondary IssuesA secondary issue in the clinic is that the MR railroad engineer is putting in a lot of over duration even though the maximum number of perseverings each week is not existence met. Quinte MRI personnel need to examine and analyze the interaction between the competency, the process operate and the bottle fuck and pr ovide a resolution and action plan back to the CEO, Dr. Syed Haider within 2 days. environmental and Root Causes Quinte MRI, an international service provider specializing in medical diagnostic technologies signed an agreement in February 2002 with Benton-Cooper Medical Centre (BCMC) for the outsourcing of their MRI services.BCMC believed that they could competed successfully if they had a third MRI appliance as they judge continued growth in this area by 15% by means of doctors referrals from the hospital and surrounding areas. BCMC also believed that they could generate enough revenue and promotional support through advertisements with local patsy and radio stations to be able to own their own fixed MR system and be recognised as a top rated hospital for the area. Quinte MRI promised the avenue for BCMC to be able to accomplish these goals through its service reliability and access to diagnostic equipment 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at a reasonable represent.However, thes e expectations are not being met and David Wright has gone to the MR Technologist, Jeff Sinclair to examine and analyze what was causing the backlog (bottleneck) in the operation. Jeff indicated that payable to poor communication between the hospital and the clinic, mistakes were being made due to a manual process for recording information. Patients were being booked at wrong time, cancelling or not yielding up, wrong tests were being requested or recorded, and tolerants were not being screened properly for an MRI scan.An assessment was being done when the patient came into the clinic. A patient preparation process has not been implemented in the new facility, whereas the previous MRI provider scheduled all appointments. Jeff felt that wasted time was being spent on delivering scans to the radiologist after each patient. Jeff also accounted for the fact that during May, the clinic used a atomic number 16 unit, which took some time to get used to, only, now that the GE machine was in place (Jeff was sooner trained on this machine), things were improving.David next examined the cycle time on for a 30 minute procedure. The knock back below shows the current cycle time of the patient, the MR Technologist and the MRI machine. 15 proceedings was dedicated to patient preparation for an MRI while only 27. 5 minutes was spent in the drawing card Room. 42. 5 minutes was being spent on a 30 minute procedure. This was where the bottleneck was in the process. Staying with this current process and resources, the maximum capacity of this process can only be 8 procedures if all new(prenominal) inputs into this process ran smoothly (i. . no cancellations). Exhibit 1 Patient Check in until entrance into Magnet Room Minutes MR Technologist escorted the patient to the Magnet Room (asks questions to determine if some(prenominal) health risks/conflicts and if any patient has any metal components internally or on clothing) 59Patient 42. 5 minutesMR Technologist 42. 5 m inutes Changing Room for patients wearing metal on their clothing (25% of patients)Magnet Room Patient Orientation and paperwork cheque 127. 5 Positioning of Coil 4 MRI Scan time based on a 30 minute scheduled MRI scan)16. 5MRI Machine 16. 5 minutes Data Entry (happened during scan)1 picture MRI Scans (average 8 sheets at 45 seconds each)6 Patient back to reception Escort the Patient back to Front Desk 26 Changing Room 4 Monica Zimmerman, radiology department manager was pressuring Quinte MRI to acquire another MR technologist to lighten Jeffs workload and improve the process flow. David needed to review the cost of hiring an additional person to make the process flow better.He knew that the 1. Tesla MRI machine rated capacity was 2 patients per hour, however the actual scans in a day, would be based on the type of scan required. David used the 30 minute and the 1 hour procedure to determine what the potential expend per day was and what the annual spend would be. Note that any lost appointments resulted in a $700. 00 per scan loss, however this also could be a $700. 00 increase for unscheduled (walk-in) appointments. By looking at the potential projected income, hiring another person was a possibility.Exhibit 2 Time Min/Hour performed$ scan suppliesper scan Daily RevenueBCMC chargeDaily revenue BCMC chargeAnnual Revenue25% Tax $Income 3016145$700 $ 11,200$2,320$8,880$2,800,000$700,000$2,100,000 18145$700 $ 5,600$1,160$4,440$1,400,000$350,000$1,050,000 picks and Options Criteria 1. emergence the process flow, machine capacity and change the position of the bottleneck 2. Increase revenue 3. Repair alliance and reputation with BCMC Alternative 1 (Strategic) Quinte MRI has found out that the manual process for taking appointments is creating many an(prenominal) errors.If the system was computerized MRI test requirements could be input into the system and throughput could be maximized based on MRI procedure time required in order to maximize time slot a vailable. Quinte MRI also realized that the MRI Technologist was performing administrative tasks that could be assigned to an assistant. By removing these tasks from the technologist, more time availability would become available for scheduling additional MRI tests. In order to process patients faster, a form could be developed that specifies what the patient must do previous to arrival at the MRI Clinic.Another form could be developed for when that patient arrives at the clinic that asks questions regarding health risks and indicating what restriction would prevent a patient from having an MRI. The assistant could take the patient all the way through the process until the Magnet room at which point the MR technologist would take over. There are necessary requirements that the MR technologist must do prior to completion of the scan, but the collection of the MRI scans and delivery of them back to the radiologist could be done by the assistant that is escorting the patient from the M agnet room.If we assume that most of the MRI scans are a half an hour, than patients could be scheduled every half hour in order to maximize both the capacity of the machine and the capacity of the technologist. Pros By implementing the computer, there is more accuracy being collected for appointments and test requirements. By hiring the MR assistance, there is increased flow capacity because the technologist will handle only the MRI scans and not the government task that were previous being done him.This takes the bottleneck out of the administrative task and aligns it to the maximum capacity of the machine thereby increasing revenue which provides the ability to hire the assistant. This would create reliability with the clinic again so that doctors will send their referrals to the clinic. Cons A second MR technologist will not be hired and when it comes time for vacation of illness, there will be no one to step into the technologist position and hear continuous flow.Quinte MRI w ould need to hire from a temporary agency in order to run their requirement which means addition dollars will be spend. Alternative 2 (Tactical) Quinte MRI could hire a second MRI Technologist to perform MRI scans alternating times with the first MRI Technologist to increase the flow and capacity of the process. This would take absent the backlog and doctors could send their referrals to the clinic with a sense of reliability that the clinic will get it turnaround within 2 days. ProsThis would allow Quinte MRI to always have a back up in the event that one of the technologists is on vacation and / or ill. The increase revenue being generated due to increased MRI procedures could pay for the second MR Technologist. Cons Based on the current practices, hiring a second technologist would alleviate some of the workload, however given that no effort has been made to fall off the communication issues between the hospital/patient and the booking department, there is a strong possibility , that patients will steady continue to be booked at the wrong time, cancel or just not show up.Without a procedure to hand how patients are dealt with from checking to magnet room, people could still be turn away due to health reasons, clothing that is not appropriate for scanning purposes. Recommendation The recommendation is to take Alternative 2 as it addresses all of the criteria by increasing the process flow, machine capacity and changes the bottle neck to the maximum machine capacity. It increases revenue and repairs the relationship and reputation with BCMC.

The Necessity of Ethics in Criminal Justice

Erazo iniquitous referee April 15, 2013 Prompt Give an account of the fibre of ethics and its deduction to the functions of the criminal legal expert establishment in America, and describe its imp dally on crime and tumesce-disposed control. The prerequisite of Ethics in whitlow Justice The fiber of ethics is important to the criminal nicety system as well as the establishment because it helps continues social control and crime control. Over time the situation of ethics has adapted in every aspect of the criminal referee system.Without the single-valued function of ethics at that place would be subversion the law would have little meaning because its application would be undependable (citation. ) The criminal nicety system, which works along with the government, has a great relate of how people treat each other, thusly the role of ethics is non only important for the law but for society as well. Of physical body there are differences in ethics depending on cer tain occupations ones ethics will vary, but the general role of ethics is to develop personal qualities such as courage, honesty, confidentiality, law-abiding behavior reproach and model(a) in nature (cite 3. It is important for our defense attorneys, police officers, and resolve to practice the role of ethics to maintain a stable criminal justice system. It is important to have ethics in the criminal justice system because it prevents decadence, barbarity and racial variation. Without the role of ethics, the criminal justice system would non be where its at today. It abides by the supreme law of the land which falls under the preamble of the constitution which is the flushs of Rights.The Bill of Rights stags sure to protect every citizens rights no matter the gender, wash drawing or other discriminatory factors. The criminal justice system holds true to these factors which reduce corruption, brutality and racial discrimination. thither would be corruption in the CJS ( Criminal Justice System) by police corruption. There would be police corruption by extortion demanding specie for not writing traffic tickets, and bribery accepting gold in exchange for not enforcing the law. patrol corruption carries high costs in many sorts.The first way of corruption is that police corruption detracts from the integrity of police control and tarnishes the image the public view law administerment. The public expect authorities to be honest and to treat everybody evenly. The lack of law enforcement adds on to the increase of crime rates because authority is influencing negative behavior by not stopping crime. Secondly, it protects other criminal activities that deal with prostitution and drugs. The police are beingness bribed of not enforcing the law by the exchange of money. Criminals offer lucrative sources of income for organized crime.This doer that a criminal would pay a police officer a certain amount of money to let a crime happen and the police w ould prevent law enforcement regulations upon them. What is usually suck upn in police corruption is called narcotic corruption. Narcotic corruption is an inevitable consequence of drug enforcement, (Cliff Notes- police force Corruption. ) Police officers are being offered either lucrative income or share some of the profit being made from the drugs that are being brought because of the prevention of law enforcement these officers are taking a fictitious character of.Providers of these services and illegal goods use part of their profits to bribe the police in order to ensure the continuation of criminal enterprises. If authority is not giving out the prime example of enforcing the law, what are the expectations of the citizens following them? Police corruption adds on to crimes, indeed following the role of ethics is strictly important to prevent incidents of police corruption to go for happening. The role of ethics makes sure to reduce police corruption if not eliminate it.To catch the violating officers, the criminal justice system holds special investigation commissions and auditors. Police corruption has been reduced tremendously by teaching officers the role of ethics as well. Another reason why the role of ethics is important to the criminal justice system is because of police brutality. In the year 1982, the federal government funded a drive named, Police go Study, in which thirteen percent of 12,000 people interviewed were abused by police brutality.Studies such as the Police Services Study show that most brutality is pressed against minority groups (Cliff Notes- Police Brutality. ) Police brutality ties in with racial discrimination against minority groups. There is also discrimination against homosexuals that are abused by police officers. When police officers are charged in court for brutality, they claim that they used the contempt of grok and situational variables which means that they attacked the criminal in self defense.The way that bru tality is being prevented is not only by the role of ethics, but also by the internal affairs unit which means that units investigate complaints against officers to follow out if there is any suspicions of corruption, complains of brutality or other kinds of excessive force. After the police beating of Rodney fairy in 1991, the inspection general position was established to monitor citizen complaints dealing with police brutality and racial discrimination. What often ties in with police brutality is racial discrimination.Racial discrimination is mostly aimed towards Hispanics and African Americans. A study done in 1994 through 1995 of a group of 90,000 middle school and high school teenagers were surveyed to see how they would turn out to be in the year 2008. The study in 2008 states that the majority of the teenagers that were surveyed in 1994 that were African Americans had higher statistics of being arrested, incarcerated, and received long criminal sentences. The majority of j ournalism reports stated that, to a greater extent than whiteness men, African American men engage in violenceand, on average, their IQs are lower. (Psychology Today. ) The study was more focused on the race of the individual alternatively of focusing on if the criminal justice system was fair to every single one of these individuals it was not focused on seeing if the African Americans were discriminated or if they were abused brutality by police officers, instead they focused on their IQ levels and skin distort as leading factors to see why African Americans engaged in violence more than the cat valium white man. Criminal Justice cases state that African Americans have faced discrimination since the era of slavery.Ever since so they have been set unfairly in every aspect of social factors. African Americans have suffered discrimination because of their skin color. The discrimination of African Americans initially began through the system of slavery, and then continued onto the pattern of separationism as well as legislative decisions that have back up discrimination against African Americans. Legislative encouraged discrimination of African Americans by considering Africans as property when they were slaves.After slaves were free there was still discrimination because government didnt want to give them their rights. Since then African Americans have been fighting to be equal. Even centuries aft(prenominal) the slavery era, African Americans are still being discriminated not only in a social standpoint but in the criminal justice system as well by racial discrimination. The role of ethics tries to teach their police officers to not be judgmental because of a stereotype or skin color.They try to predict if the charge person is guilty based on evidence instead of gender, race and economic status in cons of if they are a minority group. The role of ethics of guide does not only surround itself by reservation sure there is no corruption, brutality and r ace discrimination, but also it prides itself in the way they hold their morals in the criminal justice system. There morals are to develop personal qualities such as courage, honesty, confidentiality, and law abiding behavior to everybody tortuous in the criminal justice system.The counselors that are involved in the criminal justice system make sure to keep the accused or criminals personal information confidential un slight it is a threatening act against another person or a group of people. The reason this ethic is important to the CJS is because if the code of confidentiality is broken, it could not only hurt the person who was betrayed but it also affects the way society views the system. The role of ethics impacts the way people view society.Even every day people practice the role of ethics it could be in other areas but they have similar methods. It is crucial that defense attorneys, judges, and police officers abide by the role of ethics. Defense attorneys need to abide by the role of ethics when defending the accused by making sure they dont give false testimony during their trial this keeps the CJS fair. Defense attorneys are pass judgment to make sure that the information presented in court is true and that the person speaking against or for the accused is giving true information as well.Police officers are expected to follow the role of ethics as well by treating all accused and victims by their rights and to not arrest or approach them with brutality or arrest and treat a person unjustly just because of their race. Judges as well are expected to follow the code of ethics by making court decisions based on the information presented and not on racial factors, gender and other factors that could sway a person to be discriminatory against somebody.The code of ethics is very important in crime and social control because it helps reduce crime by establishing a platform on which authorities follow to ensure that everybody being tried and true is give n an equal trial. When the criminal justice system had not established the code of ethics, African Americans and homosexuals were treated brutally by police officers. Police officers would beat them and sometimes unjustly accuse them of accusing a crime even though they did not do it. As well as judges and cases brought to the justice system, they would discriminate and state that the verdict is guilty.There were all types of corruption in the criminal justice system beginning from the basic authority such as police officers following to defense attorneys and finishing off with judges who are one of the most valued authorities. Even when not dealing with crime, like for example word of honor officers who deal with juvenile delinquents, they are to enforce what the court says to be followed by the convicted offenders. If they do not enforce the law, the person might reoffend make more hard due to poor ethics by officers causing more problems for the criminal justice system.The rol e of ethics gives every citizen the right to be treated equally when being accused of a crime. It implies that every person would not be treated differently because of a social discriminatory factor therefore keeping the CJS honest and law abiding. Ethics help keep social and crime control mainly through studying ethics because it is possible to define wrong behavior. It is important to have the capacity to point to moral reasoning in justifying behavior, and the study of ethics develops that capacity.The impact the role of ethics has on the criminal justice system is a positive one for it prides in honesty and law abiding factors by implying the role of ethics, the public trusts the system more causing less chaos. Works Cited The American System of Criminal Justice Innocent Until Proven Guilty. The American System of Criminal Justice Innocent Until Proven Guilty. N. p. , n. d. Web. 15 Apr. 2013. http//www. stimmel-law. com/articles/criminaljustice_us. html Criminal Justice Police Corruption. Criminal Justice Police Corruption. N. p. , n. d. Web. 15 Apr. 2013. ttp//www. cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/Police-Corruption. topicArticleId-10065,articleId-9979. html Criminal Justice Police Brutality. Criminal Justice Police Brutality. N. p. , n. d. Web. dance 2013. http//www. cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/Police-Brutality. topicArticleId-10065,articleId-9975. html No Discrimination Facebook. No Discrimination Facebook. N. p. , n. d. Web. Aug. 2012. http//www. psychologytoday. com/blog/the-bejeezus-out-me/201303/no-discrimination-in-the-criminal-justice-system The Importance of Ethics in Criminal Justice. N. p. , n. d. Web.

Ethics in Groups Essay

Abstract In todays society more than and more masses atomic total 18 starting to teachk exponent and/or assistance with personal matters or issues from counsels. This es hypothesise for break non precisely state the benefits of talk everywhere to a separate or to an single(a) moreover it bequ cancel outh withal discuss and state the umteen ch entirelyenges that counselors/associates whitethorn encounter during their sessions and elaborate on the hot topics of ethics in the sphere of influence of charge.It get out submit the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of convention rede as well as that of individual direction. It is very measur subject for counselors and associates of all paid levels to implement honourable values in their allday practice so that they whitethorn familiarize their self with the dos and donts they could touch or break their career. Research from various profound journals, articles and textbook readings depart be employ as facto rs for this essay paper. Ethics In themesThe implementations of ethics in counseling is non to micromanage and/or try to inform roughone of how to do their job, it is provided in sound out to benefactor counselors and new(prenominal) masters maintain standards indoors the profession one is in and it is the standard of behavior or feat in relation to others. A codification of ethics for to the highest degree professional organizations or associations is designed to supply the standards of practice for a separate of people. (Kocet, 2006). Although ethics recidivate umteen definitions, they are all intertwined to state the kindred(p) meaning.harmonize to Jacobs (2012), Most good problems and situations deal with therapy and growth throngs, although honourable standards apply to proceeders of all kinds of free radicals. (p. 27) These types of problems or un good behavior usually surpasss when a fiter is not knowledgeable enough to spend a group or the kick i ner records or bewilder a lack of care for their members. All professional associations, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the American instruction Association, the National Association for Social Workers, and the Psychological Association, dumbfound ethical standards regarding working with nodes in groups. (Jacobs, 2012, p. 27) Apart from the fore mentioned organizations, on that point are other distinctive organizations that consist of professionals that do group work such as the American radical Psychotherapy Association (AGPA) and the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW). When it fall d witnesss to ethics, these associations need their own code of ethics. In order to be an effective counselor or leader one moldiness be able to include their knowledge of and the ability to comprise the code of ethics into their professional day-to-day practice.In the scene of action of counseling there are two central components of a code of ethics. The first component is a code outlines the prescribed or obligatory professional behaviors by which counselors are expected to govern their conduct and the second component is a code that contains aspirational components, which encourage active ethical reflection that fosters clarification of funda rational ethical beliefs of the profession.(Kocet, 2006) Due to the m whatsoever errors that counselors or any other associate may encounter in their career not every code of ethics can encompass every potential ethical dilemma faced by a professional. To wait on professionals in this area, the code of ethics can serve as a regulatory guide for laying the foundation necessary to promote the competency and value of counselors. It is up to that person to prevail and look out and/or do what is morally right. However, not everyone is perfect. Romans 323 For all have sinned, and come short of the Glory of God.The hot topics that are consistently macrocosm a problem in the depicted object of counseling are tho se of leaders who are not prepared and/or qualified, lack the knowledge of being an effective leader, leaders having a dual race with its members, confidentiality of the leader and some of the members that are in attention in the group. Counselors can have supremacyful group sessions only if they were to prepare themselves and follow the management that is provided to them at bottom the code of ethics.In the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW) Best Practice Guidelines (2008) it states Group counselors do not attempt any techniques unless thoroughly trained in its use or under inspection by a counselor familiar with the intervention. (Jacobs, 2012, p. 28) Following the guidance provided within the Best Practices can help counselors or any other associate not make the many errors that are made when the lack of knowledge is not present. Leading a group without knowledge is alike wrong, especially trying to lead one without the appropriate materials, guidance, a nd/or a seasoned counselor/leader.It is very imperative for a leader to have the knowledge of the group they are going to lead. The lack of knowledge is like the blind tether the blind. If problems, passs or situations slip away in a group a leader should have some sense of knowledge on how to administer them and/or what steps to take to get the group clog up in order, if it comes to that point. In an article that addresses education/ pedagogy and professional competency along with other ethical issues in exercise psychology (i.e. counseling or clinical physiology), it too patronizes by the same guidance in reference to ethics. In their field of training licensed psychologists with limited or no training in the movement sciences should not ethically refer to themselves as exercise psychologists because of a lack of proper training in exercise science. (Pauline, Pauline, Johnson, Gamble, 2006) Proverbs 1521 Folly is joy to him who is destitute of wisdom but a man of recogniz eing walks uprightly.Relationships outside of the group session are not al ways calumnious however the leader (professional) and member ( node) must be able to keep mum maintain a business relationship without things getting out of hand, in which some measures they do. In reality It is the leaders state to make sure the therapeutic relationship is not being jeopardized. (Jacobs, 2012, p. 29) Dual relationships/multiple-role relationships occur when the therapeutic connection has gear towards a friendship relationship. Duringthese relationships leaders must maintain ethically proper professional boundaries to include the aureole that they go away be in. If leaders are going to form relationships outside of the group circumstance and/or office environment boundaries must clarified prior to. If a leader finds himself or herself gaining emotional feelings for the client or vice versa, the leader needs to take the more conservative onward motion that was suggested by Bernstein and Hartsell and follow it once a client, always a client (Pauline, 2006)Confidentiality is other major ethical issue in counseling that often arises in a variety of modern and exercise counseling grounds. match to Jacobs (2012), there are two issues regarding confidentiality that nay group leader should understand the leaders ethical tariff for honouring material confidential and the leaders lack of total control regarding members keeping matters confidential. Members bit to counselors for assistance with their matter and/or guidance go to them because they feel as their issues, matters or concerns will quell in the setting that was chosen for them to talk confidentially. leading divulging information about clients/members to anyone is unethical the only time that a leader may divulge information about a member is when it is a causa dealings with a child or it is an adolescent group. In China, the field of counseling psychology also faces the same ethical issues that many other counselor, associate or professional encounter. In a survey-based deal of Chinese professionals to explore general ethical awareness and features of ethical dilemmas, Chinese professionals demonstrate a healthy awareness of professional ethics, but they require more training in regards to the issue of confidentiality. (Qian, Gao, Yao, Rodriguez, 2009) In coincidence to American participants, a larger number of Chinese participants regarded not to inform the client of the aim of mental assessment or to record a session without receiving prior consent from the client. The most prominent ethical problem that was reported by ath allowes that was receiving counseling was The counselor breaks the rule of confidentiality and reveals the content of counseling to ones coach. (Qian, 2009) Although confidentiality cannot always be guaranteed, The best way to prevent any breach of confidentiality is to stress its importance and discuss the subject whenever it seems necessary. (Jacob s, 2012, p. 30) direction deals with providing professional guidance by the usage of standard psychological methods such as that of collecting case-history data, using various techniques of the personal interview, and testing interests and aptitudes. In the physical process of counseling, the counselors goal is to help the individual toward opportunities that can grant the greatest fulfillment of his or her personal needs and aspirations.The counselor set their best efforts forth in order to clarify the clients own thinking rather than to solve his or her problems. Professional counselors (such as educational guidance and career counselors) and counseling psychologists (such as marriage and bereavement counselors) are found in a wide variety of institutional settings and in private practice. (Merriam-Webster, 2013) In the field of counseling there are many principles and standards that counselors must abide by. Personal and professional values often predict and guide ones choices, decisions, and behaviors in social, social, and professional realms. (Crether & Winterowd, 2011) Counselors having these qualities in the field of counseling can help prevent some of the ethical issues and/or concerns that occur in counseling. Social counseling, another approach in the field of counseling, is both a goal and a process for counselors who believe in developing an increasingly socially just world, one in which all people receive equitable opportunities to access resources and participate in policy and law development that go them, ultimately resulting in a society that embodies harmony between the needs of individuals and the needs of the whole. (Crether, 2011). Social referee is used in individually counseling as well as that of family counseling. Issues In Group Counseling In group counseling many problems may occur in different areas, especially when it comes to trying to have a productive group session. Issues that may occur in group counseling has been know to occur in the areas of coleading, legal issues, explore, training, and future trends. Each of the stated issues are very important for counselors to take on about prior to their leading of a group.The environment in which counseling is practiced is complex and ever changing, and new ethical issues are constantly emerging. This makes it difficult for even the most ethically conscientious practitioners to keep current. (Herlihy & Dufrene, 2011) harmonize to an article that was produced by Journal of Psychology and Christianity, It is incumbent upon all professionals who provide counseling, therapy, or mental health services to offer quality care and to work within the bounds of their professional ethical guidelines. (Schneller, Swenson, Sanders, 2010) These guidelines have been developed by major professionals that provide subject matter expert services, including those professions in the psychology field, social workers, licensed professional counselor, and psychiatrists. The codes that each of these professionals use address issues such as maintaining client confidentiality, advocating for client/patient welfare, and appropriately handling multiple-relationship issues. Counselors seem to make many errors within the counseling field this could be from the lack of training, knowledge and education of counseling.One should never use group therapy for their own personal growth. According to Jacobs (2012), We have heard of numerous instances of leaders drawing attention to themselves and using the group for their own therapy. This is unethical. (p. 29) Leaders making mistakes in group sessions may cause a group to fail at divisional tasks when a too-confident leader rejects a superior solution offered by a subordinate. Seeking advice from someone that is not equal to another individual is not always an unwise decision. Seeking and/or accepting advice from another individual is not always harmful.When they put their minds together and/or work together on a task, discussion or whatever the case may be a resolution to a task, problem, or situation can be resolved without looking back and stating shouldve, wouldve, couldve after its failure. Coleading in counseling is when a leader has one or more colleagues assisting with leading a group. Although this could be an advantage for some collectible to a coleader offering additional ideas, pointers, feedback, support, etc in group sessions, especially when therapy groups are intense and difficult to handle and/or work with.According to Jacobs, (2012), One disadvantage for some agencies and settings is that coleading takes time away from other counseling duties and can add stress to an already demanding work schedule. (p. 451) Other disadvantages that my occur when having a coleader is that of different personalities, styles and goals. It is cognise that no matter how much in uniform two or three people are, there is going to be some type of disagreement or differences amongst them because God did not make everyone the same and people are en entitle to have their own opinions and use their way of thinking.Romans 126 Having then(prenominal) gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, whether Prophecy, let us Prophesy according to the proportion of Faith. Also, within the disadvantages of coleading is that of interpersonal conflict, ineffective communication, competition between leaders, envy and overdependence on the coleader. Not having effective communication amongst the leader and coleader will continue to have problems within the group because neither will be voluntary to listen to what the other has to say.Effective communication is important in any line of business, relationships, and work settings. In the coleader relationship it is mention that the relationship between coleaders promotes a potential dynamic that would either facilitate or complicate the group process. In order to have an effective relationship in such a group setting it is impor tant that the counseling profession learn as much as possible about the relationship dynamics and how they affect the group process. (Luke & Hackney, 2007) When leaders are in fitted of working together, it will be or so unfeasible for them to lead an effective group and members may not see them as being capable to provide them guidance and/or assistance with their reason of being a part of the group. Legal issues occur in counseling when counselors fail to take into consideration the act of due care of their members and acting in good faith of their well-being. When leading a group, leaders must practice within their limits of expertise and not neglect their duties as a group leader.Counselors have been sued in cases where malpractice was not within the professional setting of the particular group or individual session being held (i. e. Female Patient Wins $1,423,000 in a Physical and Sexual Abuse Case Against her Psychotherapist). Counselors are being sued for in malpractice pit falls in the sideline areas riotous or inappropriate self-disclosure business relationships with patients using techniques without proper training using incorrect diagnosis on purpose the true love exception for sexual relationships and out of office contact.The fore mentioned pitfalls are common problems that may arise in time of litigation and once these pitfalls are acknowledge by counselors or any other profession they can be avoided. Ethical standards require counselors to monitor their professional actions and to take responsibility for those actions, including those that are considered minor infractions. (Welfel, 2005) It is in the best interest of the counselor to keep everything professional amongst the group and/or individual that is being counseled in order to prevent a trajectory in their life.Great accent mark is being put on group therapy in order to for look forers to follow the effectiveness of group work. According to Jacobs (2012), everyplaceall, research o n the effectiveness of groups needs to be greatly expanded to reach the level of sophism that has been established on the effectiveness of individual counseling. (p. 459) In reasoning for editorials findings of why research is limited in the group field it is due to the lack of time, finances, lack of interest and the difficulty of designing a research project where the variables can be controlled enough to study different aspects of group counseling.In an article titled Review of School Counseling Outcome Research, attempts were made in order to try and combine research studies of schooling counseling interventions to explore the overall effectiveness of such interventions. In order for this research to get started, the American School Counselor Association (2005) published The ASCA National Model A framework for school counseling programs, which is also well known as the ASCA National Model.The ACA National Model was developed in order to guide school counselors in designing, im plementing, managing, and evaluating a super school counseling program. (Whiston & Quinby, 2009) Although this model was mean for great purpose of implementing comprehensive school programs, very few research studies have been conducted on the comprehensive programs. This goes back to the fore mention of Jacobs readings of why research is not effective in group research.It is in the hopes within the reading of Jacobs that researchers will empirically study different ways that students are taught to lead groups and what ways are more effective. (Jacobs, 2012, p. 459) In the future of counseling, Most experts seem to agree that group work will continue to be a major force in the field of counseling. (Jacobs, 2012, p. 461) Research is a continuous job that experts in the field of counseling must continue to do because of the many changes that occur, especially ethical challenges and changes.Researchers are needed in the future to continue the investigation of the new Codes that ma y arise and poll the effectiveness of them in the counseling profession. According to Jacobs (2012), More training in specific group leaders skills is essential if leaders are going to be prepared for all the different kinds of groups that will live in the next 10 years. Leaders that are going to continue to lead in areas of professions such as counseling they need to learn more ways to involve their members in the therapeutic process while integrating counseling theories.Research activities are subjected to higher demands on ethics and safety than similar activities that are not classified as research. Therefore, the boundary between research and non-research will often determine the ethical demands on an activity (Hansson, 2011) It is very important that researchers make a continuous attempt on ensuring research will continue in the field of counseling so that leaders will have the knowledge and leadership abilities to work towards successful counseling/therapeutic sessions.Grou p Versus individual Counseling The question of which is better individual counseling or group therapy has probably been a question of many years. According to Jacobs (2012), This is difficult to answer because people and situations are so different. With the question being asked of which is better it will have to be based upon the individual to decide due to him or her personal decision. There can be many advantages to both forms of counseling group counseling is not madefor everyone and neither is individual counseling. Group counseling can be an advantage to some people because they find it important to receive feedback/ excitant from others as well as learning more from other individuals that are talking and within groups of teenagers they will often talk more readily to other teenagers than they will with adults. Group counseling assists with an individuals growth and problem solving with certain issues and/or concerns they have encountered (i. e. loss of a love one, addiction ).In group therapy sessions, members are encouraged, not forced, to discuss openly and skilfully about their reason(s) for being there. The leader/counselor works to create an atmosphere of trust and acceptance that will allow members to feel more golden and to support one another. In the article of Therapists views of the relative benefits and pitfalls of group work and one-to-one counseling for bereavement, explored to see which form of counseling was beneficial for the bereavement.This case consisted of nine experienced bereavement therapies that had experienced both groups and individual forms of counseling. During their research it was determined that there is ample evidence that bereavement is a major health risk, involving immense psychological and physical health costs to individual and society. (Vlasto, 2010). Their findings in both individual and group counseling forms of bereavement are basically the same results from any other group session of counseling.For a group session members benefited more from the following areas social contact, social skills practice, support, challenge of witnessing difference, generate a culture of honest sacramental manduction, and normalcy of grief. Members in group settings can find a sense of hope by sharing their prospects and feelings from other members in the group. Although group settings can be a challenge at times it is still beneficial to those who desires a need of support from other individuals due to them not being able to do it on their own.This type of support was described as a dual thing of being support and supporting thereby indicating the inter-active nature of this function. (Vlasto, 2010) In individual counseling for the bereavement, individuals benefited safety, formation of reparative relationship, emiting extreme emotion and dealing with blocks and accessing trencher material. Individual counseling is more of a gentler and safer process for those individuals that are not yet ready to expr ess or let out their total emotions amongst a group of people.Individual counseling can also be looked upon as enabling the initial story-telling and release of emotion. The building of trust and confidentiality, assured in a one to one situation, was thought to be particularly important for shy people or those who have difficult experiences of groups or families. Groups and individual counseling also have disadvantages to them. The disadvantages for group counseling sessions were that of non-disclosure of feelings and information, competition, and over-exposure.Individual counseling had disadvantages of power imbalance and intensity for both parties. Although these type of group settings have disadvantages they are not disadvantages that cannot be resolved in a civil manner. Groups, being primarily a social intervention, were thought to help clients feel less isolated and to see how other people grieve. Individual counseling was sensed as a safer experience providing clients with a chance to tell their story in depth, and to release deep feelings without embarrassment. (Vlasto, 2010)In an outcome research that was developed in school groups related to specific issues, whereas other schools taper more on assisting students individually. The outcome of this researched found that individual counseling is generally more effective than group counseling. (Whiston, & Quinby, 2009) Also within their findings individual counseling does not require a long process in order to be effective. Again, trying to figure which is better will be based upon peoples issues/concerns and the ability of the therapist.A therapist choosing group therapy over individual counseling or vice versa will solely be based upon the therapist because they have to find within themselves what area are they more successful in. Working with groups or individually counseling? This decision making process can be factored upon the knowledge, education, and leadership skills that the therapist have. Personal leaders Qualities My personal leadership qualities did not derive only from the teachings within this course on how to lead a group or an individual counseling setting, it goes back many years. The leadership qualities came throughout my life of living.On a personal note I have had to lead by a good example due to being a single mother for over 21 years and serving my country for over 16 years. Proverbs 226 Train up a child in the way he should go and when he is old, he will not depart from it. In order for one to be an effective leader they must instill within themselves the characteristics of caring, openness, flexibility, trustworthiness, honesty, patience, etc. Once someone sees these traits within an individual, more than likely they will be more than willing to seek that individual for guidance and/or support.Outside of the aforementioned characteristics a leader needs the following leadership qualities in leadership as well comfort and confidence within self to lead a group or an individual the ability to tune into other peoples feelings, reactions, moods and words. Of the characteristics that are listed above I believe I now have all the qualities, not saying that I have had them the whole time. These personal qualities were within me but it came to a point when I valued to piece with others what I have learned from others leaders that were in leadership positions and from the education I have received.Leadership to some could possibly mean that they are in just in charge, but where they fell to look is when that approach is taken no one will is willing to follow. When one falls into leadership rolls they must be able to lead and have the attributes of what it takes to be a leader. My beliefs of leadership skills are similar to the definition itself. I believe that one must have the knowledge, experience, the capability of motivating and taking care of people that looks for them for guidance and support.According to Jacobs (2012) Leading g roups successfully requires a great deal from the leader. Often people lead groups when they simply do not possess the necessary leadership characteristics. (p. 26) In the Army we live by the Army Values of Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Self-less Service, Honor, Integrity, Personal Courage, in which it spells out the Army acronym of LDRSHIP (leadership). For this course I conducted four Psychoeducational Group Sessions with co-workers from my place of employment.Prior to me starting I almost did not have a clue as to how this was going to turn out because this type of setting was my first in my life of me having to conduct. I have had to conduct classes within the military setting but never within a counseling group session. But with prayer and support I was able to get through it. Matthew 1720 And the Nazarene said unto them, Because of your unbelief for verily I say unto you, If you have faith as a grain of mustard seed, you shall say unto this mountain, remove hence to yonder place and it shall remove and nothing shall be impossible unto you.The individuals were not forced to be a part of the group and none of them were required to state any personal information unless they wanted to. The first two group sessions that I conducted were more in tuned because of the number of personnel in attendance. In these sessions I wanted to date I used the leadership qualities that I had within me because I wanted to have a successful group session. Receiving feedback from individuals after the session I had used the majority of the leadership characteristics that were aforementioned.After receiving feedback from several of the members, it made me feel good that I was able to conduct a successful group session and to know that the sessions I was holding should be something that is make more often. Approach To Group Counseling Our approach to groups is based on the principles of impact therapy, which is a multisensory approach that recognizes that change or impact comes no t only from verbal, but also visual and kinesthetic exchanges. (Jacobs, 2012, p.20) Over the last several weeks I have had to use certain approaches to hold group sessions. I had to check over while holding these sessions that I had the right tone and body language to conduct them. If I was to intend nervousness or my inability to lead the group the members probably would have thought I was incapable(p) of leading or holding the group session successfully. In the group session I ensure that the members were well informed of what each session was going to be about. The leader approach that I used during the sessions was that of leader-directed.A leader-directed style can be of great benefit by provoking structure, thought-provoking questions, and group exercises. (Jacobs, 2012, p. 23) The leader-direct approach was a successful approach with the group because they were allowed to discuss and express their concerns about change and show their support for one another. At times an individual would want to continue for a long decimal point of time but they had no issue with me informing them I would come back to them because other members wanted to speak.The members in my group sessions were all eager and willing to participate, although for the last two sessions, the participation for some was not feasible due to work or their absence from work. Overall, the outcome of each session held was a success regardless of the amount of members that attended. It was also a success because the members that attended were able to share information that was bottled up inside of them for quite some time. The ethical challenges they I encountered within the course was that, from the beginning I had to understand the meaning of ethical issues or concerns in the field of counseling.In everyday living I cannot say that I actually think of ethically living although it is a highly recommended practice in the military. The unethical challenges that I/we face in our everyday way of living is implementing the ethical values into our day-to-day living. This will help prevent many of the unethical behaviors that occur. It is critical that all professions understand and apply the code of ethics into their day-to-day practices. Isaiah 117-19 (KJV) Learn to do well seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.18-Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool. 19-If you be willing and obedient, you shall eat the good of the land. Conclusion The one thing that is very important within the area of ethics in group counseling, the counselor that is providing the counseling must have the leadership skills, knowledge and training in order to run a successful group session in counseling and/or individual counseling.Counseling is a field of profession that can be a rewarding and fulfilling experience not only to the counselor that is providing the counseling but to the individual or group that is receiving the counseling. It can be rewarding to both because if it was a success and issues/concerns were resolved and/or results were shown from the individual that was receiving counseling, although trials and tribulations may have occurred during the session, it was a success.A counselor/leader must be able to find within themselves which works best for them in the field of counseling, individually or group counseling. A leader should never jeopardize their career or lose sight of what counseling really is by not following the guidance that is provided for them, especially the ethical practices. The most important lessons or attributes that a counselor or associate can have in the field of counseling and that is of having a well-educated background, experience, and knowledge of how to be an effective counselor/leader. Reaching People. Restoring Lives.